Virology Random facts Flashcards
Orthomyxoviridae species…
Influenza
Paramyxoviridae species…
Morbillivirus:Measles
Parymyxovirus: Mumps
Parinfluenza
Pneumovirus: Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Cause of SARS
Coronavirus
Cause of croup
Adenovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza
Outbreaks in Bone marrow transplant wards
Adenovirus
Adenovirus serotypes commonly associated with outbreaks
3, 7a, 7b, 14 and 19
Smallest DNA virus
Parvoviruses
Needs a helper virus to grow in mitotically active cells
Adeno associated Virus
Picornavirus that doesn’t replicate in GI tract
Rhinovirus
Picrornavirus species…
Enterovirus: polio, Coxsackievirus, Echovirus
Rhinovirus
Hepatovirus-Hepatitis A virus
Polyprotein made by one large open reading frame
Poliovirus
No viral enzymes required for translation of viral RNA
Poliovirus
Hand foot and mouth disease
Coxsackievirus group A 16
Cruise Ship outbreaks
Norwalk virus
Leading cause of food-borne outbreaks in US
Norwalk virus
dsRNA virus
Rotavirus
Double layer capsids
Rotavirus (Unique?)
NSP4 protein
Rotavirus, Cholera toxin activity
Prevents water reabsorption
DNA Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Picornavirus Hepatitis
Hepatitis A
Flavivirus Hepatitis
Hepatitis C and G
Hepadnavirus Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
HBsAG
Hepatitis B surface Ag
Diagnositic for acute hepatitis B
Anti-HBs
Antibody to HBsAg
Diagnostic for acute hepatitis B
Anti-HBc
Antibody to HBcAg in acute and chronic carriers
IgM=Acute
IgG=Chronic
Cause of hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatitis C
6 Classic Childhood Exanthems
1-Measles 2-Strep 3-Rubella 4-Extinct 5-Parvovirus B19 6-HHV 6 and HHV 7
Photophobia
Measles
Koplik’s Spots
White spots on Buccal and lower labial mucosa opposite the lower molars
Measles
Microscopy of multinuecleated giant cells in nasopharyngeal secretions
Measles
Togavirus
Rubella
TORCHES
Taxoplasma Gondii Rubella Cytomegalogvirus Herpes and HIV Syphillis
Thrombocyopenic purpura-blueberrymuffin
RUBELLA
measles
Only infect mitotically active cells
Parvovirus B19
Face-slap disease
Parvovirus B19
Hydrops fetalis
Parvovirus crossing placenta
Break bone fever
Dengue fever
Bullet shaped
Rhabdovirus (Rabies)
Hydrophobia
Rabies
Negri Bodies
Rabies
Sin Nombre
North American Hantavirus with deer mouse resevoir
Only DNA that replicates entirely in host cytoplasm
Poxivirdiae (smallpox)
Lentivirinae species
HIV
Deltaretrovirus
Human T-lymphotropic virus
HIV gag gene
Matrix proteins-structural
HIV pol gene
Protease, RT and Intergrase
HIV Env gene
Surface glycoprotein
Tegument matrix
Herpes
HHV-1
Herpes simplex virus 1
Mucoepithelial cells
Oral
Latency in nerve ganglia
HHV-2
Herpes simplex virus 2
Sexual
Genital
Latency in nerve ganglia
HHV-4
Epstein Barr virus
Kissing
Mono and lymphoma
Latency in B lymphocytes
HHV-5
Cytomeglovirus
Congenital and Sexual transmission
Mono
Monocytes, neutrophils, vascular endothelial cells latency
HHV-6
Human herpesvirus 6
Roseola in infants
Latency in T lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages
HHV-8
Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus
Tumors
Latency virus infected tumors
Heparin sulfate
Herpes binds to enter cell
VP16 tegument protein
virus encoded trasncripion activation factor used by Herpes
Ballooning of cells in viral culture
Herpes
Multinucelated giant cellls with Toluidine blue and Cowdry type A inclusions
Herpes (Tzanck Smear)
Gamma herpes virus
Epstein Barr Virus
Use complement component CR2 and CD21
Epstein Barr virus
Atypical Lymphocytes
Epstein Barr Virus
EBNA IgG
Lifelong marker for primary infection of Epstein Barr Virus
Beta Herpes virus
Cytomegalovirus
Owl’s eye-Histopatology of lung
Cytomegalovirus
Rb protein
Inhibits cell entry into G1/S phase
P53
Induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis
HPV 16 and 18
Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix
HPV 6 and 11
Benign cervical warts
E6
Binds to p53 targets degradation
E7
Binds to Rb prevents from inhibiting proliferation
Pap Smear for….
HPV- perinuclear vacuolated cytoplasm
EBNA 1
Maintains presence of viral genome
EBNA 2
Stimulates B cell proliferation
EBNA 3
Inactivates Rb, stimulates cell gene expression
Late membrane proteins
Stimulate proliferation
Tax gene
Activates cellular genes encoding T cell growth factors (HTLV-1)
Virion consists of…
Nucleic acid genome, protein capsid, spike. +/- regulatory proteins, +/- lipid envelope
Eclipse phase
no infectious particles
Latent phase
no infectious particles outside of host cell
Parvorvirus Replication strategy
single stranded DNA must be converted to double stranded before it can be transcribed
Poxvirus Replication strategy
replicate in the cytoplasm
Must encode all of the proteins needed for gene expression and replication
Two RNA viruses that do not replicate in cytoplasm
Orthomyxoviruses and Retroviruses