Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MIC > Virology + Dengue + HIV > Flashcards

Virology + Dengue + HIV Flashcards

1
Q

varicella-zoster virus (VCV) transmission

A

spreads mainly through close contact with someone who has chickenpox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

VCV: do NOT use ______ to relieve fever

A

aspirin products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

VCV prevention
Passive:
Active:

A

Passive: Varicella zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG)

Active: live attenuated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission

A

body fluids, such as saliva, urine, blood, tears, semen, and breast milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CMV complications

A
  • hepatitis

- babies: vision loss, hearing loss, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Measles, rubella, mumps: prevention?

A

measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hep A transmission

A

fecal-oral
food-borne
sexually transmitted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hep A: self-limiting?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hep B transmission

A

Sexually transmitted
Blood
IV drug abuse
Other body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hep B: ____ infection common

A

chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hep E: self-limiting?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Febrile phase in dengue:

  • typically develop ________ suddenly
  • s&s: ________
  • ________ & ________ bleeding may also be seen
  • +ve ________ increase probability of dengue
A
  • typically develop high grade fever suddenly
  • s&s: facial flushing, generalised body ache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, etc
  • petechiae & mucosal membrane bleeding may also be seen
  • +ve tourniquet test increase probability of dengue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Critical phase in dengue:

  • Increasing haematocrit levels may occur = ________
  • Usually lasts ________ hrs
  • Check for warning signs (Eg. ________ /________ )
A
  • Increasing haematocrit levels may occur = plasma leakage
  • Usually lasts 24-48 hrs
  • Check for warning signs (Eg. pleural effusion/ascites)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Warning signs of dengue

A
  • abdominal pain or tenderness
  • persistent vomiting
  • mucosal bleed
  • lethargy, restlessness
  • liver enlargement >2cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Patient is considered to have a shock if:

  • Children: Pulse pressure is ≤ _____mmHg
  • Signs of poor capillary perfusion (cold extremities, _____ capillary refill, or _____ pulse rate)
A

Patient is considered to have a shock if:

Pulse pressure is ≤ 20mmHg in children
Signs of poor capillary perfusion (cold extremities, delayed capillary refill, or rapid pulse rate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood tests required for dengue

A
  • WCC
  • Platelet
  • Baseline haematocrit
17
Q

Diagnostic tests required for dengue

A
  • PCR to look for dengue virus (send blood in FBC blood tube)
  • Serum for POCT (dengue duo)
  • Serum for dengue antibody testing
18
Q

HIV transmission routes

A
  • Unprotected sex
  • Blood transfusion
  • IV drug abusers
  • Mother to child
19
Q

HIV targets what cell type?

A

Dendritic cells in the mucosa

20
Q

Immune response is activated → HIV antibodies develop and cytotoxic T cells _____ → controlling HIV infection & _____ the level of viraemia → achieving _____control of HIV

Progressive reduction of _____ → leads to AIDS

A

Immune response is activated → HIV antibodies develop and cytotoxic T cells proliferate → controlling HIV infection & reducing the level of viraemia → achieving partial control of HIV

Progressive reduction of CD4 → leads to AIDS

21
Q

How do you test for HIV?

A

Antibody + p24 antigen combined screening test

22
Q

Treatments for HIV

A
  • Lifelong HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy)
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis against opportunistic infections
  • 3 or more antiretroviral drugs (eg. AZT, saquinavir, lamivudine)
23
Q

Life expectancy of HIV pt on treatment

A

HIV-positive people who start antiretroviral therapy (ART) promptly can live as long as their HIV-negative peers

24
Q

Is there vaccine avail for HIV yet?

A

Nope

25
Q

Which of these has a specific treatment?

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  • Influenza
  • Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
  • HFMD
A

Influenza

MIC (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions