STIs

Question 1

Chlamydia symptomatic?

Answer 1

Mostly asymptomatic

Question 2

Chlamydia A to C serovars cause

Answer 2

eye infection– trachoma leads to blindness

Question 3

Chlamydia D to K serovars cause

Answer 3

genital infection– cervicitis, dyspareunia, prostatitis, etc

Question 4

Chlamydia in women if left untreated can ascend into upper genital tract to cause ____. Which leads to:

Answer 4

PID;

infertility, tubo-ovarian abscess, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain

Question 5

Chlamydia in neonates can acquire C.trachomatis and lead to

Answer 5

neonatal conjunctivitis & pneumonia

Question 6

Specimens to send for chlamydia

Women:
Men:

Answer 6

Women: vaginal or endocervical swab or 1st catch urine

Men: 1st catch urine, urethral swab, rectal swab

Question 7

Diagnosis/test of choice for chlamydia

Answer 7

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)

Question 8

Gonorrhea symptomatic?

Answer 8

Asymptomatic

Question 9

Gonorrhea presentation in men

Answer 9

• Most infections are acute & symptomatic
• Urethritis
• Epididymitis
• With purulent discharge & dysuria after 2-5 day incubation period (range: 1-14 days)

Question 10

Gonorrhea presentation in women

Answer 10

• Cervicitis
• Vaginitis
• Often asymptomatic/atypical
• may also lead to PID like chlamydia
• DGI

Question 11

Gonorrhea presentation in neonates

Answer 11

Neonatal conjunctivitis

- With profuse exudate and swelling of the eyelids

Question 12

Specimen(s) to send for gonorrhea

• Discharge ‘down below’— ________
• Conjunctivits— ____
• Gonorrhea pharyngitis— ____
• DGI– ____

Answer 12

Depends on presentations
Eg.

• Discharge ‘down below’— high vaginal swab, endocervical swab, urethral swab, urine
• Conjunctivits— eye swab
• Gonorrhea pharyngitis— throat swab
• DGI– blood culture

Question 13

Diagnosis/test of choice for gonorrhea

Answer 13

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) on urine or swab samples (Adv: rapid test)

Question 14

Transmission routes for syphilis

Answer 14

Sexual, intimate contact with infectious lesions blood transfusions, transplacental → congenital syphilis

Question 15

Syphilis: “The Great Imitator” almost any organ can be affected is at which stage?

Answer 15

Secondary stage

Question 16

Rash, fever, malaise, infectious, lesions occur at which stage of syphilis?

Answer 16

Secondary

Question 17

Aneurysm formation/aortitis, neruosyphilis can occur at which stage of syphilis?

Answer 17

Tertiary/latent

Question 18

Common lab test for syphilis

Answer 18

Serology

Question 19

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1: via _____ contact; or can cause genital herpes via _____ contact

Answer 19

via oral-to-oral contact; or can cause genital herpes via oral-to-genital contact

Question 20

HSV 2 causes

Answer 20

genital herpes

Question 21

Transmission route of HSV

Answer 21

direct contact

Question 22

Primary infection of HSV: symptomatic?

Answer 22

Commonly asymptomatic

Question 23

HSV virus: does it remain latent?

Answer 23

Yes, remains latent and is present for life

Question 24

HSV can also cause other infections like:

Answer 24

Eye infections (eg. herpetic keratitis)

Serious infections (eg. encephalitis, neonatal infection)

Question 25

Diagnosis of HSV

Answer 25

PCR (will need swab in UTM or VTM)

Question 26

Transmission of human papilloma virus (HPV)

Answer 26

direct skin-to-skin contact

Question 27

HPV causes

Answer 27

cutaneous (skin) or mucocutaneous warts

Question 28

High risk HPV infection is causally associated with

Answer 28

• cervical cancer

- oropharyngeal cancer

Question 29

Low risk HPV causes for

Answer 29

genital warts

Question 30

Diagnosis of HPV

Answer 30

clinical examination, cytology, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)

Question 31

HSV can reactivate with the trigger of some factors like:

Answer 31

menstruation
tiredness
stress
sunlight