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Virology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Enumerate the Naked Viruses

A 
naked CPR and PAPP smear
RNA
Calici
Picorna
Reo
DNA
Parvo
Adeno
Papilloma
Polyoma
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1
Q

All enveloped virus acquire their envelop from plasma membrane except

A

Herpes virus - nuclear membrane

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2
Q

All viruses are haploid except

A

Retrovirus

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3
Q

Enumerate the segmented genome

A 
B O A R
Bunyavirus
Orthomyxovirus - influenza
Arenaviruses
Reoviruses
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4
Q

Enumerate the Negative Strand RNA viruses

A 
Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Arena
Bunya
Paramyxo
Orthomyxo
Filo
Rhabdo
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5
Q

Causes epidemics

A

Genomic re assortment

Ex influenza

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6
Q

One virus produces a protein that can be used by another virus

A

Complementation

Ex hepa b and d

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7
Q

Two different viruses infect the same cell

A

Phenotypic mixing

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8
Q

Infected cells appear normal, but are producing large numbers of progeny virus

A

Commensal symbiosis

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9
Q

Reduce the expression of APC and inactivate complement

A

Virokines

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10
Q

Attachment of RBCs to surface on infected cells

A

Hemadsorption

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11
Q

The only live attenuated vaccine that may be given to HIV positive patient

A

MMR

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12
Q

Enumerate the live attenuated vaccines

A 
Small pox
Yellow fever
Chicken pox
Sabins polio 
MMR
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13
Q

Enumerate the Killed vaccine

A 
RIP Always
Rabies
Influenza
Polio Salk
Hepatitis A
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14
Q

Enumerate the DNA viruses

A 
HHAPPPPY
Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Parvo
Papilloma
Polyoma
Pox
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15
Q

All DNA viruses have double stranded DNA except

A

Parvovirus

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16
Q

All DNA viruses havelinear DNA except

A

Hepadna
Papilloma
Polyoma

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17
Q

All DNA viruses have icosahedral except

A

Poxvirus

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18
Q

All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except

A

Poxvirus

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19
Q

The only virus with fiber

A

Adenovirus

Penton fibers

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20
Q

Histopathology findings of adenovirus

A

Cowdry type b intranuclear inclusions

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21
Q

Histopathology findings of poliovirus

A

Cowdry type b intranuclear inclusions

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22
Q

Histopathology findings of herpes simplex virus

A

Cowdry type a intranuclear inclusions

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23
Q

Diseases cause by Adenovirus

A 
Brochitis
Conjuctivitis
Coryza
Cystitis hemorrhagic
Gastroenteritis
Pharyngitis
Pneumonia atypical
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24
Q

Virus that infects squamous cells and induce formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles called koilocytes

A

HPV

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25
Q

Genes that encode proteins that inactivate tumor suppresor genes

A

E6 and E7

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26
Q

HPV that causes skin and plantar warts

A

1 to 4

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27
Q

HPV that causes genital warts, respiratory tract papillomas

A

6 and 11

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28
Q

MCC of viral STD

A

HPV 6 11

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29
Q

HPV that causes carcinoma of the cervix penis and anus

A

16 18 31 33

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30
Q

Treatment for genital warts

A

Podophyllin

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31
Q

Treatment for skin warts

A

Liquid nitrogen

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32
Q

Treatment for plantar warts

A

Salicylic acid

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33
Q

A drug that acts as an immune disease modifier

Used in actinic keretosis, squamous cell basal carcinoma, condyloma acuminata

A

Imiquinod

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34
Q

Vaccine for HPV consists of

A

6 11 16 18

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35
Q

Virus that causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy PML in patients with AIDS

A

JC polyoma virus

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36
Q

Virus that causes hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in patients with solid organ and bone marrow transplant

A

BK Polyoma Virus

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37
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of HSV 1

A

Stomatitis
Heroes labialis, encephalitis
Secretions and saliva

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38
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of HSV2

A

Herpes genitalia, Perinatal infection
Herpes genitalia
Sexual and perinatal

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39
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of VZV

A

Varicella
Zoster
Respiratory secretions

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40
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of EBV

A

Infectious mononucleosis
None
Respiratory secretions and saliva

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41
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of CMV

A

Congenital mononucleosis
Asymptomatic shedding
Intauterine, transfusions, sexual contact, secretions

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42
Q

Primary infection, recurrent infection and route of transmission of hHV 8

A

Uncertain
Kaposis sarcoma
Sexual or organ transplantation

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43
Q

Enumerate the Herpes Viruses

A 
Get Herpes on a CHEVrolet
CMV
HSV
EBV
VZV
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44
Q

Site of latency of HSV 1

A

Trigeminal ganglia

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45
Q

Site of latency of HSV 2

A

Lumbosacral ganglia

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46
Q

Characteristic rash in Varicella

A

Vesicular centrifugal rash - dew drop on a rose petal appearance

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47
Q

A disease cause by VZV that involves the geniculate ganglion causing facail nerve paralysis

A

Ramsay hunt syndrome

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48
Q

Virus cultured in shell tubes

A

CMV

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49
Q

Positive heterophil test

A

EBV

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50
Q

Negative heterophil test

A

CMV

Toxoplasma

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51
Q

MCC of congenital abnormalities

A

CMV

MC when the mother was infected in first trimester

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52
Q

Diseases presenting as blue berry muffin baby

A

Congenital CMV, Rubella and Disseminated Neuroblastoma

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53
Q

MCC of blindness among HIV patients

A

CMV retinitis

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54
Q

DOC of CMV

A

Ganciclovir

Largely resistant to Acyclovir

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55
Q

Virus that infects mainly the lymphoid cells, primarily B lymphocytes

A

EBV

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56
Q

Atypical lymphocytes in EBV infection

A

Downy cells

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57
Q

Kissing disease

A

Infectious mononucleosis - EBV

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58
Q

A rare complication in Infectious mononucleosis

A

Splenic rupture

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59
Q

Malignancy caused by EBV

A

Burkitts lymphoma - B cell lymphoma

Unilateral facial swelling, most common in African people

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60
Q

MCC Malignancy caused by EBV in Chinese people

A

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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61
Q

Disease caused by EBV in AIDS patient

A

Hairy leukoplakia

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62
Q

A malignancy caused by HHV 8

A

Kaposis sarcoma

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63
Q

The only disease that has been eradicated from the face of the Earth

A

Small pox

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64
Q

Largest virus

A

Small pox

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65
Q

Brick shaped poxvirus containing linear dsDNA

A

Small pox

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66
Q

Virus that causes pinkish papular skin lesions with an umbilicated center

A

Molluscum contangiosum

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67
Q

Treatment for Molluscum contangiosum

A

Cifodovir

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68
Q

Enumerate the Hepatitides

A 
Hepatitis
A asymptomatic
B blood borne
C chronic cirrhosis carcinoma carriers
E enteric ecpectant mothers epidemics
69
Q

An enveloped virus with incomplete circular dsDNA

A

Hepa B

70
Q

The only DNA virus that produces DNA by reverse transcription eith mRNA as the template

A

Hepa B virus

71
Q

Hepa B is associated with this autoimmune vasculitides

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

72
Q

Complications of Hepa B

A

Hepatorenal
Hepatopulmonary
Portal HPN
Hepatic encephalopathy

73
Q

Treatment for Hepa B

A

Interferon alpha - interferes with viral attachment and replication
Lamivudine

74
Q

First vaccine to prevent a human cancer

A

Hepa B

75
Q

All RNA viruses have single stranded DNA except

A

Reo

Rota

76
Q

All RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm except

A

Influenza

Retro

77
Q

Enumerate the RNA viruses

A 
I went to a RETRO TOGA party, where i drank FLAVored CORONA beer and ate HIPPY CALIfornia PICkles
Retro
Toga
Flavi
Corona
Hepa E
Calici
Picorna
78
Q

Enumerate members of picornaviridae

A 
PERCHed on a PIC (peak)
Polio
Echo
Rhino 
Coxsackie
Hepa A
Picorna
All are Enterovirus except Rhino-repiratory
79
Q

A virus that replicates in motor neurons in anterior horn of spinal cord causing paralysis

A

Poliovirus Poliomyelitis

80
Q

Spectrum of disease in Polio

A

Asymptomatic
Abortive poliomyelitis - most common clinical form, flu like
Non paralytic - aseptic meningitis
Paralytic - flaccid paralysis, permanent motor damage

81
Q

The classification of this virus is based on pathogenicity in mice

A

Coxsackie virus

82
Q

MCC of viral myocarditis and pericarditis

A

Coxsackie virus

83
Q

MCC of aseptic meningitis

A

Coxsackie virus - overall

Other causes: Enterovirus - Polio and Echo

84
Q

Triple H in Coxsackie virus

A

Herpangina
Hand foot and mouth disease
Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

85
Q

Echovirus is also known as

A

Enteric cytopathic human orphan

86
Q

MCC of common colds

A

Rhinovirus - first

Corona

87
Q

Rhinovirus replicate better at —, they affect primarily the —- and —–

A

33 C

Nose and conjuctiva

88
Q

Rhinovirus is —- labile

A

Acid labile - killed by gastric acid when swallowed – they do not infect the GIT unlike the enteroviruses

89
Q

Hepa – virus under Picorna virus

A

Hepa A

90
Q

Also known as Enterovirus 72

A

Hepa A

91
Q

The most important test in Hepa A

A

Anti HAV IgM

92
Q

Hepa A is also known as

A

Enterovirus 72

93
Q

Members of Caliciviridae

A

Hepa E

Norovirus

94
Q

Hepa E is a member of

A

Caliciviridae

95
Q

A virus with high mortality in pregnant women

A

Hepa E

96
Q

MCC of non bacterial diarrhea in adults

A

Norwalk virus - viral gastroenteritis

Norovirus

97
Q

MCC of childhood diarrhea

A

Rotavirus

ROTA right out of the anus

98
Q

MCC of respiratory tract infections

A

Influenza A

99
Q

Major antigens of Influenza virus

A

Hemagglutinin - binds to the cell surface receptor (neuraminic acid, sialic acid) to initiate infection of the cell - target of neutralizing antibody
Neuraminidase - cleaves NA to release progeny virus from infected cell, also degrades the protective layer of mucus in the respiratory tract to enhace access to the respiratory epithelial cells

100
Q

Antigenic shifts

A

Influenza A - pandemics

101
Q

Antigenic drifts

A

Influenza B - epidemic

102
Q

DOC of Influenza virus

A

Oseltamivir or Zanamivir

For Influenza A only - Amantadine or Rimantadine

103
Q

Diseases caused by Paramyxoviruses

A

Parainfluenza
RSV
Measles
Mumps

104
Q

A virus with envelope spikes containing HA NA and fusion protein

A

Mumps

Parainfluenza

105
Q

A virus with envelope spikes containing HA and fusion protein

A

Measles

106
Q

A virus with envelope spikes containing fusion protein only

A

RSV

107
Q

Histopathologic findings in Measles

A

Multinucleated giant cell

Warthin Finkeldey

108
Q

Pthognomonic lesion in Measles characterized as bright red lesions with a white central dot on buccal mucosa near the opening of the Stensens duct

A

Kopliks spot

109
Q

Complications of Measles

A

Subacute sclerosing pancencephalitis or Damson disease
Encephalitis
Pneumonia

110
Q

Cardinal manifestations of Measles

A

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Kopliks spot

111
Q

Vitamin — reduces severity if meales

A

Vitamin A

112
Q

Diseases caused by Mumps virus

A

Parotitis
Orchitis
Meningitis aseptic

113
Q

Virus forming multinucleated giant cells

A

Respiratory syncitial virus

114
Q

Natural hosts of RSV

A

Humans

115
Q

Most important cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

A

RSV

116
Q

Treatment for Respiratory syncitial virus

A

Ribavirin

Also use in Hepa C

117
Q

Steeple sign in CXR

A

Laryngotracheobrinchitis (croup)

Subglottic stenosis

118
Q

Characterized by inspiratory stridor cough and hoarseness

A

Laryngotracheobrinchitis (croup)

119
Q

Treatment of Laryngotracheobrinchitis (croup)

A

Racemic epinephrine

120
Q

Bullet shaped virus

A

Rabies

Rhabdovirus

121
Q

Histopath result in Rabies

A

Negri bodies

122
Q

Reservoir of Corona virus

A

Horseshoe bat

123
Q

Intermediate host of Corona virus

A

Civet cat

124
Q

Corona virus binds to —- resulting to SARS

A

ACE 2 receptor

125
Q

CXR result in SARS

A

Non cavitary ground glass infiltrates

126
Q

Dengue fever is also called

A

Break bone fever

127
Q

Pleural effusion in Dengue: right or left

A

Right sided

128
Q

Hepa C is a

A

Flavivirus

129
Q

It is the most prevalent blood borne pathogen

A

Hepa c

130
Q

Autoimmune reactions in Hepa C

A

Thyroiditis
MPGN
Porphyria cutanea tarda
DM

131
Q

Treatment for acute Hepatitis C

A

Interferon

132
Q

Treatment for chronic Hepatitis C

A

Peg interferon

Ribavirin

133
Q

Rubella virus is a member of

A

Togaviridar

134
Q

Causes German measles

A

Rubella virus

135
Q

Associated abnormalities in Congenital Rubella syndrome

A 
Bulag Cataract
Bingi Sensorineural deafness
Bobo Mental retardation
Butas ang Puso PDA - machinery like murmur
Blue berry muffin baby
136
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that codes for major capsid protein

A

P24

137
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that codes for nucleoprotein

A

P17

138
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein use for attachment to CD4 protein with antigenicity that changes rapidly

A

G120

V3 loop - most immunogenic region

139
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that mediates the fusion of viral envelope with the cell membrane

A

G41

140
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that codes for the activation of transcription of viral genes

A

Tat

141
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that codes for the transport of late mRNAs to cytoplasm

A

Rev

142
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that decreases CD4 and MHC class I proteins

A

Nef

143
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that enhances hypermutation

A

Vif

144
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that transport nondividing cells

A

Vpr

145
Q

In Human Immunodeficiency Virus, it is the protein that enhances virion release

A

Vpu

146
Q

Original source of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A

Chimpanzees

147
Q

Principal sources of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in semen

A

T lymphocyte

Macrophages

148
Q

Definitive diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A

Western blot analysis

149
Q

Phases in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A

Phase
0 infection
1 window period - rapid viral replication but test is negative
2 seroconversion - peak viral load, test is positive, mild flu like illnessm 1-2weeks
3 latent - asymptomatic, cd4 goes down lasts 1-15yrs
4 early symptomatic - cd4-500 to 200, lasts 5yrs, mild derma mucocutaneous and hema illnesses
5 AIDS - cd4 less than 200 lasts 2yrs

150
Q

AIDS defining illnesses with CD4 less than 500

A 
TSEcK
Disseminated Tuberculosis
HSV esophagitis
Esophageal candidiasis
Kaposis sarcoma
151
Q

AIDS defining illnesses with CD4 less than 200

A 
PiTong DIet COC ME
PCP pneumonia
Toxoplasmosis cerebral
Diarrhea chronic
Coccidioidomycosis
Meningoencephalitis
152
Q

AIDS defining illnesses with CD4 less than 50

A

HiRaP na!
Histoplasmosis
Retinitis CMV
Pulmonary invasive disease

153
Q

AIDS defining illnesses - Prevalence

A 
PCP 
Esophageal candidiasis
Wasting
Kaposis sarcoma
Disseminated MAC
154
Q

Treatment for HIV

A

Highly active antiretroviral therapy HAART
Two nucleoside inhibitors - Lamivudine, Zidovudine
Protease inhibitor - Indinavir

LIZ Uy!

155
Q

Histopathology findings of human T cell lymphotropic virus

A

Malignant T cells with flower shaped nucleus

156
Q

Retrovirus causing adult t cell leukemia

A

HTLV

157
Q

Retrovirus causing myelopathy

A

HTLV

158
Q

MCC of epidemic encephalitis

A

Japanese B virus

Encephalitis

159
Q

Japanese B virus is trasmitted by

A

Culex mosquitoes

160
Q

CT scan finding of Japanese B virus

A

Thalamic infarct

161
Q

CT scan finding of HSV

A

Temporal infarct

162
Q

Histopathology findings of HPV

A

Koilocytes

163
Q

Histopathology findings of VZV

A

Multinucleated giant cells with intranuclear inclusions

164
Q

Histopathology findings of CMV

A

Giant cells with owls eye appearance

165
Q

Histopathology findings of smallpox

A

Guarnieri bodies

166
Q

Histopathology findings of molluscum contagiosum

A

Henderson peterson bodies

167
Q

Histopathology findings of poliovirus

A

Cowdry type B intranuclear inclusions

168
Q

Viruses with intranuclear inclusions

A 
Polio B
Adeno B
HSV A
VZV MGC
CMV GC with Owls eye
169
Q

Viruses with cytoplasmic inclusions

A

HPV koilocytes
Smallpox G bodies
Molluscum H and P bodies

Microbiology (10 decks)

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