Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

POM Exam 2 > Viral Replication and HIV > Flashcards

Viral Replication and HIV Flashcards

1
Q

virion still detectable in

A
  • adsorption and penetration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

no intracellular virions detectable

A
  • eclipse period
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

progeny virion formation

A
  • maturation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

no extracellular infectious virus detectable

A
  • latent period
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

budding, exocytosis, or following necrosis

A
  • release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adsorption

A
  • specific and nonspecific interactions between virus attachment proteins and cellular receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

two types of entry

A
  • receptor mediated endocytosis

- membrane fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

viruses that enter via receptor mediated endocytosis

A
  • adenovirus
  • orthomyxovirus
  • rhabdovirus

ROAR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

viruses that enter via membrane fusion

A
  • herpesvirus
  • HIV
  • parainfluenza

MF HHP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

uncoating

A
  • nucleocapsid is modified or disrupted to allow transcription of mRNA
  • allow genome to serve directly as mRNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

site of replication is _____ dependent

A
  • virus dependent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DNA viruses replicate where? exception?

A
  • nucleus

- Poxvirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

RNA viruses replicate where? exception?

A
  • cytoplasm

- retroviruses and influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

importance of expression of early genes

A
  • required to initiate viral replication

- protein products of early transcription needed to initiate viral genome replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

progeny nucleocapsid formation

A
  • accumulation of structural proteins in same cellular compartment where replication of progeny genomes occurs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

capsid formation

A
  • self-assembly or

- requiring scaffold proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

for naked DNA and RNA, INFECTIOUS progeny formation occurs when

A
  • once genomes are encapsidated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

maturation

A
  • an additional step required for enveloped viruses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

internal envelopment where

A
  • ER

- Golgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

internal envelopment and exocytosis viruses

A
  • herpesvirus
  • coronavirus
  • bunyaviruses
  • poxiviruses

BUNNY has HERPES and POX but is okay INSIDE because he’s chillin with a CORONA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cell surface envelopment viruses (budding)

A
  • rhabdoviruses
  • togaviruses
  • orthomyoxivurses
  • paramyxoviruses
  • retroviruses
RPTOR - REPTAR FROM RUGRATS
All the rugrats were best buds. - budding
don't want to get mixed up with Reptar
Retro because Rugrats is retro
Toga because they wear a diaper
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

egress/release directionality

A
  • has implication for pathogenesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

directionality

A
  • apical

- baso-lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pathogenesis

A
  • localized

- disseminated infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

egress/release enzymes

A
  • function to complete the release and maturation process
26
Q

cytopathic effect

A
  • alteration in the appears of the infected cells or even cell death
27
Q

when a uniform cell monolayer is exposed to a few infectious virus particles, what develops

A
  • visible plaques

- areas of CPE

28
Q

how to plaques in CPE develop

A
  • radially from initially infected cells to surrounding uninfected cells
29
Q

human retroviruses

A
  • enveloped RNA viruses
  • reverse transcriptase
  • integrase
30
Q

human lentivirus example

A
  • HIV-1

- HIV-2

31
Q

HIV-1 vs HIV-2

A
  • HIV-1 more common

- HIV-1 more pathogenic

32
Q

four groups

A

HIV-1,

  • M
  • O
  • N and P
33
Q

HIV-1 M sutypes

A
  • A-H
34
Q

which subtype predominates in the US

A
  • subtype B
35
Q

GP 120 HIV

A
  • HIV adsorption protein

- associates with GP41 (transmembrane protein)

36
Q

P24 HIV

A
  • main capsid antigen

- combination tests look for P24 can detect HIV infection a week earlier

37
Q

major proteins of HIV

A
  • reverse transcriptase
  • integrase
  • HIV protease
38
Q

primary receptor for HIV

A
  • CD4
39
Q

co-receptors for HIV

A
  • CCR5

- CXCR4

40
Q

CD4 receptors located on

A
  • T lymphocytes
  • macrophages
  • microglial cells
41
Q

sequences within V3 loops of gp120 determine

A
  • coreceptor usage
42
Q

CCR5 using viruses

A
  • M-tropic
  • R5 viruses
  • most of HIV today
43
Q

CXCR4 using viruses

A
  • T-tropic
  • X4 virus
  • Mostly in AIDS
44
Q

HIV entry mediated via

A
  • interactions of Env gp120/gp41 with CD4

- conformation change of gp120

45
Q

conformational change of gp120

A
  • interaction with chemokine receptor

- conformational change of gp41

46
Q

conformational change of gp41

A
  • penetrates the cell
47
Q

coreceptor switch

A
  • switch of CCR5 to CXCR4 during disease progression
48
Q

first step of reverse transcription

A
  • reverse transcription of ssRNA to proviral DNA
49
Q

second step of reverse transcription

A
  • RNAse H degrades RNA
50
Q

third step of reverse transcription

A
  • second strand of DNA produced resulting in dsDNA
51
Q

the enzymatic activities on HIV RT enzyme

A
  • RdDp
  • DdDp
  • RNaseH
52
Q

HIV virion half life in blood

A
  • 30 minutes
53
Q

how many mutations per viral copy

A
  • at least 1
54
Q

high viral replication =

A

more frequent mutations

55
Q

every single point mutation occurs

A

daily

56
Q

how DS DNA viruses replicates

example

A
  • herpes virus

- enter nucleus directly

57
Q

how +ssRNA virus replicates

example

A
  • polio
  • +ssRNA acts mRNA
  • translated by host ribosomes to make viral polymerase
  • proceeds with replication events
58
Q

how -ssRNA virus replicates

example

A
  • flu

- use carry own viral polymerase to carry out replicative events

59
Q

integrase

A
  • helps identify integration site on host DNA

- executes strand transfer to get integrated into chromosome

60
Q

protease

A
  • cleavage and particle maturation

POM Exam 2 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions