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1. Imse > Viral Infection > Flashcards

Viral Infection Flashcards

1
Q

is a member of hepadnavirus family

A

Hepatitis B virus

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2
Q

The envelope
contains a protein called the surface antigen

A

Hepatitis B surface
Antigen (HbsAg)

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3
Q

is
the earliest serological marker that indicate the presence of acute
infection.

A

Hepatitis B surface antigen

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4
Q

The Hepatitis B virus is also known as

A

Serum hepatitis

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5
Q

The virus is transmitted via

A

blood transfusion
the sharing of needles among the drug users
sexual intercourse

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6
Q

The incubation period is from

A

60-90 days

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7
Q

The virus is found
in

A

blood and body secretions

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8
Q

It is carried via infected

A

blood,
saliva, and semen

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9
Q

The first generation tests were found on ________________________ plates

A

Ouchterlony agar gel

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10
Q

A positive result showed a

A

Fine white precipitin

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11
Q

The second-generation test used for HbsAg was counter

A

Electrophoresis

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12
Q

If the antigen is
on the serum, a _________________ would form.

A

fine white precipitin line

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13
Q

Third-generation tests include

A

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay

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14
Q

Other
test procedures available were

A

reverse passive hemaglutination and reverse passive agglutination tests.

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15
Q

The immunochromatographic device contains a unique set of dye-conjugated and immobilized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies used to produce a distinctive visual pattern indicating presence of
HBsAg in the sample.

A

BLUE CROSS R One Step HBsAg Test

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16
Q

Blue test : Holding a sample dropper vertically, add exactly 6 drops or ml

A

0.2ml

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17
Q

Blue test: Read the results after

A

10 mins

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18
Q

BLUE CROSS R One Step HBsAg Test: Do not read results after __________minutes

A

30 mins

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19
Q

HBsAg REACTIVE result

A

Two purple line: t and c (positive)

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20
Q

HbsAg NON-REACTIVE result

A

One purple: control (negative)

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21
Q

INVALID result

A

Absence of purple line

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22
Q

Invalid result should be

A

Added some drop if still no appearance test should voided

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23
Q

transmitted by the mosquitoes

A

Dengue virus

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24
Q

are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical areas
of the world

A

Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus

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25
Q

is a glycoprotein expressed by all dengue viruses

A

Dengue NS-1 antigen

26
Q

first day and up to ____ days after the onset of fever in the sample
of primary and secondary dengue infected patients.

A

9 days

27
Q

is a solid phase immunochromatographic
assay for the rapid

A

Sd bioline dengue IgM/IgG rapid test

28
Q

qualitative and differential detection of _________ and ______antibodies
to dengue virus in human serum or plasma

A

IgG
IgM

29
Q

SD Bioline Dengue IgG/IgM Test device has 3 pre-coated lines

A

G - dengue IgG
M - dengue IgM
C - control

30
Q

is used for procedural control

A

Control line

31
Q

qualitative determination of dengue NS-1 antigen in
________, ________, and ______for the diagnosis
of early acute dengue infection.

A

human serum, plasma or whole blood

32
Q

Volume of serum used in dengue test

A

5ul

33
Q

Volume of serum used in test kit

A

5ul

34
Q

Test kit Do not read test results after

A

20 mins

35
Q

Volume of assay diluent

A

3-4 drops or 90-120ul)

36
Q

Test kit result should be read in _______minutes.
Reading too late can give false results

A

15-20 mins

37
Q

Negative- The control line is only visible on the test device indicates

A

No IgG and IgM antibodies were
detected. Retest in 3-5 days if dengue infection is suspected.

38
Q

IgM Positive- The Control Line and IgM Line are visible on the test device

A

positive for IgM antibodies to Dengue virus.
primary dengue infection

39
Q

IgG Positive- The control line and IgG Line are visible on the test device

A

This is positive for IgG antibodies.
secondary or previous dengue infection

40
Q

IgG and IgM Positive- The control, IgG, IgM lines are visible on the test device

A

This is positive
for both IgM and IgG antibodies.
late primary or early secondary dengue infection

41
Q

Invalid- The control line fails to appear

A

Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural
techniques are the likeliest reasons for control line failure. Repeat the test using a new test
device.

42
Q

DENGUE NS-1 Antigen negative result

A

presence of a purple line Control

43
Q

DENGUE NS-1 Antigen positie result

A

presence of purple lines each at the Control
and the Test area.

44
Q

DENGUE NS-1 Antigen invalid result

A

absence of purple lines on both the Control
and the Test area

45
Q

The etiologic agent of AIDS is a human retrovirus known as

A

Human immunodeficiency viruses

46
Q

Retroviruses are defined as viruses that
contain a single positive stranded RNA, which contain the virus genetic
information, and a specially enzyme known as

A

reverse transcriptase

47
Q

the causative agent of AIDS is Europe and the United States,

A

Hiv 1

48
Q

associated with immunodeficiency and clinical syndrome similar to
AIDS in West Africa.

A

Hiv 2

49
Q

HIV was formerly known as

A

lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III),
or AIDS-related virus

50
Q

It is believe to be a member of the group of
transforming, cytopathic retroviruses, called

A

Lentiviruses

51
Q

are defined as viruses that
contain a single positive stranded RNA, which contain the virus genetic
information

A

Retroviruses

52
Q

are done
on-site and give a reading within half an hour

A

Rapid test

53
Q

confirmatory
assay for rapid test HIV

A

Western blot

54
Q

Volume of drawn blood into
the sample well in rapid hives

A

20 ul

55
Q

Volume of plasma or serum
specimen into the sample well (S). Rapid test hives

A

10ul

56
Q

Volume of assay diluent into sample well rapid test hives

A

120ul

57
Q

Rapid test hives Interpret test results in

A

5 -20 mins

58
Q

HIV NEGATIVE: is indicated by the presence of only one line

A

a line in the
control area withinthe result window.

59
Q

HIV-1 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of two lines:

A

one in the
control area I and one in the test area 1 (1) within the result window.

60
Q

HIV-2 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of two lines:

A

one in the
control area I and one in the test area 2 (2) within the result window.

61
Q

HIV-1 and HIV-2 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of three lines

A

one
in the controlarea I, one in the test area 1 (1) and another one in the test
area 2 (2) within the result window.

62
Q

INVALID: is indicated

A

No appearance of lines in all area

1. Imse (9 decks)

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