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1. Imse > Viral Infection > Flashcards

Viral Infection Flashcards

1
Q

is a member of hepadnavirus family

A

Hepatitis B virus

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2
Q

The envelope
contains a protein called the surface antigen

A

Hepatitis B surface
Antigen (HbsAg)

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3
Q

is
the earliest serological marker that indicate the presence of acute
infection.

A

Hepatitis B surface antigen

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4
Q

The Hepatitis B virus is also known as

A

Serum hepatitis

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5
Q

The virus is transmitted via

A

blood transfusion
the sharing of needles among the drug users
sexual intercourse

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6
Q

The incubation period is from

A

60-90 days

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7
Q

The virus is found
in

A

blood and body secretions

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8
Q

It is carried via infected

A

blood,
saliva, and semen

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9
Q

The first generation tests were found on ________________________ plates

A

Ouchterlony agar gel

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10
Q

A positive result showed a

A

Fine white precipitin

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11
Q

The second-generation test used for HbsAg was counter

A

Electrophoresis

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12
Q

If the antigen is
on the serum, a _________________ would form.

A

fine white precipitin line

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13
Q

Third-generation tests include

A

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay

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14
Q

Other
test procedures available were

A

reverse passive hemaglutination and reverse passive agglutination tests.

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15
Q

The immunochromatographic device contains a unique set of dye-conjugated and immobilized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies used to produce a distinctive visual pattern indicating presence of
HBsAg in the sample.

A

BLUE CROSS R One Step HBsAg Test

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16
Q

Blue test : Holding a sample dropper vertically, add exactly 6 drops or ml

A

0.2ml

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17
Q

Blue test: Read the results after

A

10 mins

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18
Q

BLUE CROSS R One Step HBsAg Test: Do not read results after __________minutes

A

30 mins

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19
Q

HBsAg REACTIVE result

A

Two purple line: t and c (positive)

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20
Q

HbsAg NON-REACTIVE result

A

One purple: control (negative)

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21
Q

INVALID result

A

Absence of purple line

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22
Q

Invalid result should be

A

Added some drop if still no appearance test should voided

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23
Q

transmitted by the mosquitoes

A

Dengue virus

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24
Q

are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical areas
of the world

A

Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus

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25
is a glycoprotein expressed by all dengue viruses
Dengue NS-1 antigen
26
first day and up to ____ days after the onset of fever in the sample of primary and secondary dengue infected patients.
9 days
27
is a solid phase immunochromatographic assay for the rapid
Sd bioline dengue IgM/IgG rapid test
28
qualitative and differential detection of _________ and ______antibodies to dengue virus in human serum or plasma
IgG IgM
29
SD Bioline Dengue IgG/IgM Test device has 3 pre-coated lines
G - dengue IgG M - dengue IgM C - control
30
is used for procedural control
Control line
31
qualitative determination of dengue NS-1 antigen in ________, ________, and ______for the diagnosis of early acute dengue infection.
human serum, plasma or whole blood
32
Volume of serum used in dengue test
5ul
33
Volume of serum used in test kit
5ul
34
Test kit Do not read test results after
20 mins
35
Volume of assay diluent
3-4 drops or 90-120ul)
36
Test kit result should be read in _______minutes. Reading too late can give false results
15-20 mins
37
Negative- The control line is only visible on the test device indicates
No IgG and IgM antibodies were detected. Retest in 3-5 days if dengue infection is suspected.
38
IgM Positive- The Control Line and IgM Line are visible on the test device
positive for IgM antibodies to Dengue virus. primary dengue infection
39
IgG Positive- The control line and IgG Line are visible on the test device
This is positive for IgG antibodies. secondary or previous dengue infection
40
IgG and IgM Positive- The control, IgG, IgM lines are visible on the test device
This is positive for both IgM and IgG antibodies. late primary or early secondary dengue infection
41
Invalid- The control line fails to appear
Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques are the likeliest reasons for control line failure. Repeat the test using a new test device.
42
DENGUE NS-1 Antigen negative result
presence of a purple line Control
43
DENGUE NS-1 Antigen positie result
presence of purple lines each at the Control and the Test area.
44
DENGUE NS-1 Antigen invalid result
absence of purple lines on both the Control and the Test area
45
The etiologic agent of AIDS is a human retrovirus known as
Human immunodeficiency viruses
46
Retroviruses are defined as viruses that contain a single positive stranded RNA, which contain the virus genetic information, and a specially enzyme known as
reverse transcriptase
47
the causative agent of AIDS is Europe and the United States,
Hiv 1
48
associated with immunodeficiency and clinical syndrome similar to AIDS in West Africa.
Hiv 2
49
HIV was formerly known as
lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III), or AIDS-related virus
50
It is believe to be a member of the group of transforming, cytopathic retroviruses, called
Lentiviruses
51
are defined as viruses that contain a single positive stranded RNA, which contain the virus genetic information
Retroviruses
52
are done on-site and give a reading within half an hour
Rapid test
53
confirmatory assay for rapid test HIV
Western blot
54
Volume of drawn blood into the sample well in rapid hives
20 ul
55
Volume of plasma or serum specimen into the sample well (S). Rapid test hives
10ul
56
Volume of assay diluent into sample well rapid test hives
120ul
57
Rapid test hives Interpret test results in
5 -20 mins
58
HIV NEGATIVE: is indicated by the presence of only one line
a line in the control area withinthe result window.
59
HIV-1 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of two lines:
one in the control area I and one in the test area 1 (1) within the result window.
60
HIV-2 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of two lines:
one in the control area I and one in the test area 2 (2) within the result window.
61
HIV-1 and HIV-2 POSITIVE: is indicated by the presence of three lines
one in the controlarea I, one in the test area 1 (1) and another one in the test area 2 (2) within the result window.
62
INVALID: is indicated
No appearance of lines in all area

1. Imse (9 decks)

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