Rheumatoid Flashcards
is a suspension of polystyrene latex particles sensitized
with specially prepared human IgG.
Rheumatoid factor latex agglutination test
The RF reagent is a suspension of __________________ sensitized
with specially prepared human IgG.
polystyrene latex particles
The RF reagent is a suspension of polystyrene latex particles sensitized
with specially prepared human __________.
IgG
The ______________________has been adjusted to detect a minimum of 8 IU/mL of rheumatoid factors according with the WHO International
Standard without previous sample dilution.
RF latex reagent sensitivity
The RF latex reagent sensitivity has been adjusted to detect a minimum
of _____ IU/mL of rheumatoid factors according with the WHO International
Standard without previous sample dilution.
8
The RF latex reagent sensitivity has been adjusted to detect a minimum
of 8 IU/mL of rheumatoid factors according with the ___________________without previous sample dilution.
WHO International Standard
A suspension of uniform polystyrene
particles coated with IgG (human) in glycine buffer, pH 8.2;
reagent sensitivity is standardized with the World Health
Organization RF Standard.
Rheumatoid factor latex agglutination
Principle of rheumatoid factor latex agglutination test
A suspension of uniform polystyrene
particles coated with IgG (human) in glycine buffer
RF Latex Reagent: A suspension of uniform polystyrene
particles coated with IgG (human) in __________ buffer, pH 8.2;
reagent sensitivity is standardized with the World Health
Organization RF Standard.
glycine
. RF Latex Reagent: A suspension of uniform polystyrene
particles coated with IgG (human) in glycine buffer, pH ________;
reagent sensitivity is standardized with the World Health
Organization RF Standard.
8.2
RF Positive Control Serum: A stabilized, prediluted human
serum containing at least _______ IU/mL of RF.
at least 8
A stabilized, prediluted human
serum containing at least 8 IU/mL of RF.
Rheumatoid factor positive control serum
RF Negative Control Serum: A stabilized, prediluted human
serum containing less than ______ IU/mL of RF.
less than 8
A stabilized, prediluted human
serum containing less than 8 IU/mL of RF
Rheumatoid factor negative control serum
Glycine-Saline Buffer (20x): component
pH 8.2 ± 0.1M glycine and 0.15M
NaCl
Buffer used
Glycine-saline buffer (20x)
Sensitivity of rheumatoid factor latex agglutination test
8 IU/mL
Procedure methods
Quantitative method and semi-quantitative method
can be performed in the same way as the qualitative test using dilutions of the
serum in saline, phosphate buffer saline or glycine saline
Semi-quantitative determination
Normal levels (adults): semi-quantitative method
less than 8 IU/ml
is expressed as the reciprocal of the highest dilution
showing macroscopic agglutination.
Titer
Qualitative Test: negative result
uniform milky suspension with no agglutination
Qualitative Test: positive results
any observable agglutination
Semi-quantitative method An estimateof the RF concentration in the specimen can be
expressed in
IU/mL
Women are three times as likely to be affected as
men; in addition, the prevalence of the disease is highest in women who are
more than
65 years old
RA can be characterized as a chronic, symmetric, and erosive arthritis of
the peripheral joints that can also affect multiple organs such as the
Heart and lungs
The strongest associations have been between a subsetof
patients with RA and
HLA-DRB 1 alleles or PTPN22 gene polymorphism
The strongest associations have been between a subsetof
patients with RA and
HLA-DRB 1 alleles or PTPN22 gene polymorphism
The strongest
environmental risk factor for RA is believed to be
Cigarette smoking
The pathology of RA is caused by an
Inflammatory (bone and cartilage)
The pathology of RA is caused by an
Inflammatory (bone and cartilage)
Infiltration of the inflamed synovium with _____________,___________, dendritic cells,_____________,and granulocytes is evidence of immunologic activity within the joint.
T and B lymphocytes
plasma cells
mast cells
Two key antibodies found in the disease are
Rheumatoid factor and anti cyclic citrullinated peptide
Rf is an antibody that is most often of the immunoglobulin
IgM class
RA, autoantibodies such as RF and anti-CCP are thought to combine with
their specified antigen, and the resulting immune complexes become
deposited in the joints, resulting in a
type III (or immune complex)
hypersensitivity reaction.
RF can be found in patients with
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Mixed connective tissue disease
Scleroderma
Sjogren’s syndrome
using charcoal or latex
particles coated with IgG have been used for many years
to detect RF
Manual agglutination test
These tests, however, only detect the IgM isotype, found
in about 75% of patients, and have been largely replaced
by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
chemiluminescence immunoassay,
nephelometric methods
Once a diagnosis of RA is made, the most helpful tests
for following the progress of the disease are general
indicators of inflammation, such as measurement of
C reactive protein
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Complement component
are elevated and the levels of
serum complement components are normal or
increased because of increased acute-phase reactivity.
CRP levels correlate well with disease activity because
levels reflect the intensity of the inflammatory
response.
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate
C reactive protien
Increased levels of RF may be round in some
diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis such as
Sarcodosis, sle and sjogren’s syndromes
One of the most useful clinical markers for rheumatoid
arthritis is
Rheumatoid factor in serum
Rheumatoid factor is a term used to describe a variety of ____________ or __________or both,
antibodies or immune complexes
Reagents are stable until stated expiration date on
bottle label when stored refrigerated
2-8C
