Viral exanthem Flashcards
Molluscum contagiosum
Pox virus
umbilicated
no systemic manifestations
Heals on its own
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Coxsackievirus A type 16
Enterovirus 71
macular to vesicular w/ erythematous halo
tender, fades w/o pigment
vomiting and cns sx (rare)
HSV1, 2
latent in ganglia
mucocutaneous
“Dewdrop on a rose petal”
rapid rupture –> leaves gray-white ulcer
painful
Varicella Zoster
HHV-3
Acute - spreads via resp route
Varicella
- dif stages at same time (macule – papuple – vesicles – crusted papule)
2 dose vaccine around age 1
Zoster - single, unilateral dermatomal distribution neuralgia Centripetal Pain management! 1 dose vaccine greater than 50 yo
Roseola infantum
HHV-6
Acute febrile illness w/ or w/o rash
high fever –> rash –> fever resolves
rash: neck/trunk –> extremities
less than 3 yo: febrile seizures
HHV-7
95% adults
ubiquitous
assoc w/ Pitryiasis rosea
HHV-8
–> Kaposi Sarcoma: vasc. malignancy assoc w/ AIDs
Measles (Rubeola)
Paramyxovirus
Unvaccinated children. Endemic areas.
Prodromal phase: 3 C’s
Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
fever greater than 104 — Rash
spread: resp droplets
Most contagious!
Mucocutaneous:
- Koplik spots on buccosal mucosa. BEFORE the rash
Rash - forehead to trunk/extremities
“Grains of salt surrounded by a red halo”
Complications: pneumo, otitis media, myocarditis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. (immunocompromised)
VitA
MMR vaccine
strictly human virus – eradication possible
Rubella (German measles)
Toga virus
“little red”
spread transplacentally/resp droplets
milder sx than measles
Complications;
- Spontaneous abortion
- Congenital rubella:
- Cataracts, heart disease, deafness
- microcephaly (w/in 1st 8 wks of pregnancy)
“Blueberry muffin lesions” –> EMH
Erythema infectiosum
Parvovirus B19
“Fifth disease”
replicates in erythroid precursors (affects reticulocytes, platelets, and Hb)
“slapped cheek”. fades
rash on proximal extremities/trunk – Classic lacelike reticular pattern after fading
spread: resp secretions
age: 4-10
Adults: arthralgia
Complications
- aplastic crisis in anemic, imm comp ptns
- preggo: - non-imm fetal hydrops, fetal demise
Self limited in healthy ptns
Small pox
Variola virus
Eradicated
Contagious
Fever, vesicular + pustular eruption, high mortality, Bioterrorism
