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T&D 1 exam 2 > McGuffin Part 1 > Flashcards

McGuffin Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

function of skin

A 
Absorption
Protection
Sensation
Temp regulation
Vit D production
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2
Q

Epidermis

A

ectoderm

rete ridges

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3
Q

Dermis

A

mesoderm

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4
Q

Hypodermis

A

aka subcutaneous layer

mesoderm

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5
Q

Thick skin

A

palms/soles
epidermis is thicker, esp stratum corneum
prominent epi/dermal ridges - fingerprints
contains merkel, meissner, pacinian corpuscles in dermis and hypodermis

Stratum lucidum PRESENT
MULTIPLE sweat glands
NO hair follicles
FEW melanocytes

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6
Q

Thin skin

A

thin stratum corneum
no stratum lucidum
MANY hair follicles and melanocytes
FEW sweat glands

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7
Q

Mechanoreceptors for touch and pressure are dendritic endings of what nerve fibers

A

afferent

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8
Q

what causes neurons to degenerate when over expressed

A

Sodium Channel BNC1 (degenerin)

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9
Q

Meissner corpuscle

A

-encapsulated in CT

Slow vibration
Texture

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10
Q

Merkel cells

A

synapse w/ DRG
basal layer ofthic ks kin only

Sustained pressure
Touch

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11
Q

Pacinian Corpuscle

A

unmyelinated
encapsulated by concentric lamellae of CT

Deep pressure
Fast vibration

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12
Q

Ruffini endings

A

elongated capsules

Sustained pressure

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13
Q

Unmyelinated dendrites of sensory nerve fibers

A

located around hair follicles

Pain
Temperature

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14
Q

Stratum corneum

A

outermost/fully differentiated
desquamation of dead keratinocytes (flat)
wearing surface for skin

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15
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

only in thick skin

continuation of differentiation (keratinocytes (flat) to stratum granulosum)

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16
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A 
keratinocytes become flattened (programmed destruction of nucleus/organelles)
Keratohyalin granules (from keratin/filaggrin crosslink)
darkly basophilic granular appearance - filaggrin attaches keratin to desmosome for mechanical strength of epidermis
17
Q

what allows for waterproofing

A

lamellar bodies release lipid into intercellular spaces in stratum granulosum – seals spaces between cells

18
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

several layers of squamous epithelial cells: keratinocytes – has cytoplasmic projections. forms intercellular bridge held by desmosomes

19
Q

cell-cell adhesion

A

desmosomes/macula adherens

20
Q

Langerhan cell

A

derived from monocyte
APC
all layers of thick and thin epidermis, mainly in stratum spinosum

21
Q

Keratinocytes - components

A

Made by keratinocytes:

  • Keratin: protective protein. composed in part by intermediate filaments of cytoskeleton
  • Lamellar bodies: lipid filled, non-membrane bound

Made by melanocytes, taken up by keratinocytes:
- melanin granules

22
Q

Stratum basale

A

single layer
Cuboidal cells - hemidesmosomes

  • keratinocyte stem cells
  • melanocytes
23
Q

cell-ECM attachment

A

hemidesmosome

24
Q

melanin derived from

A

neural crest cells

tyrosine – DOPA
protects DNA, absorbs/scatters UV radiation

25
Q

Two forms of melanin

A
  • Pheo-melanin: red-yellow

- Eu-melanin (brown-black)

26
Q

Normal aging of the skin

A
  • 30-35 yr
  • thinning of epidermis
  • reduced subcut fat, BV, hair foll, seb glands, sweat ducts
  • loss of collagen fibril production —> wrinkles
27
Q

layers of epidermis - top to bottom

A

Stratum:

  • Corneum
  • Lucidum
  • Granulosum
  • Spinosum
  • Basale
28
Q

STILL NEED DERMIS/HYPODERMIS/FASCIA

A

Dermal layer:
- papillary layer: loose, ir CT.

Meissner

  • Reticular layer: dense ir CT. Dermatan sulfate, large collagen fibers in parallel/longitudinally in limbs, circumferentially in neck/trunk. Elastic fibers.

Pacinian

29
Q

Rete ridges vs dermal papilla

A

Rete: epidermal downgrowths btwn dermal papillae, divides primary dermal ridge

Dermal papilla: projections that interdigitate overlying epidermis

30
Q

Finger/toe prints

A

primary dermal ridges

- two dermal papilla with intervening rete ridge or interpapillary peg. Carried to surface of the epidermis

31
Q

Found in Hypodermis

A
  • adipose tissue
  • BV
  • Fat
  • Loose CT
  • nerves
32
Q

All three layers of skin are receptive to touch, pain, temp

T/F

A

True

33
Q

potential tracts for spread of infection

A

deep fascia

eg retropharyngeal abscess

T&D 1 exam 2 (10 decks)

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