Vincent A. CH. 11

Question 1

Barack Obama

Answer 1

The first African American president of the United States, a Democrat, who served as the forty-fourth president from 2009 to 2017. Senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008; member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004

Question 2

Candidate

Answer 2

Centered politics- politics that focus on the candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation

Question 3

Critical election

Answer 3

An election that signals a party realignment through voter polarization around new issues and personalities.

Question 4

Delegate

Answer 4

role played by representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention

Question 5

Donald J. Trump

Answer 5

The 44th president, a republican, elected in 2016; first president elected without prior political or military experience; an experienced businessman

Question 6

Hillary Clinton

Answer 6

First female major party candidate for president of the United States, a Democrat, who ran against President Donald J. Trump. Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013; New York senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady

Question 7

National convention

Answer 7

A party meeting held in the presidential election year for the purposes of nominating a presidential and vice presidential ticket and adopting a platform

Question 8

National party platform

Answer 8

A statement of the general and specific philosophy and policy goals of a political party, usually promulgated at the national convention

Question 9

Partisan polarization

Answer 9

The presence of increasingly conflicting and divided viewpoints between the Democratic and Republican Parties

Question 10

Party identification

Answer 10

A citizen’s attachment to a political party based on issues, ideology, past experience, or upbringing, which tends to be a reliable indicator of likely voting choices

Question 11

Party realignment

Answer 11

Dramatic shifts in partisan preferences that drastically alter the political landscape

Question 12

Political machine

Answer 12

A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity

Question 13

Political party

Answer 13

An organized group that may include office holders, candidates, activists, and voters who pursue their common interests by gaining and exercising power through the electoral process

Question 14

Proportional representation

Answer 14

A voting system that apportions legislative seats according to the percentage of the vote won by a particular political party

Question 15

Secular realignment

Answer 15

The gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts than on socks to the political system

Question 16

Superdelegate

Answer 16

Delegate to the Democratic party’s national convention that is reserved for a party official and whose vote at the convention is unpledged to a candidate

Question 17

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 17

Principle drafter of the Declaration of Independence; second vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Co-founder of the Democratic-Republican Party

Question 18

Winner-take-all system

Answer 18

An electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote than any other party wins the election