Vibrio spp, Campylobacter spp, Helicobactter pylori Flashcards
Diagnosis of Vibrio cholera
Comma shaped, Gram (-) rod, polar flagella
tests: -no PNFs in stool culture
Epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae
Non-invasive intestinal pathogen
*Human only host
Transmission of Vibrio cholera
Ingestion of focally contaminated water and food and, sweage contaminated raw shellfish
Clinical syndroms attributed to Vibrio cholera
1) Acute Watery diarrhoa (>1lt/hr) = massive fluid loos (death within hrs)
2) stool that eventually becomes clear with flecks of white mucous (rice water) - fishy odour
2) Electrolyte loss –> Tetany (Hypocalcaemia), or ileus (Hypokalaemia)
3) Dehydration –> Skin darkenss
4) Lethragy, sunken eyes, cold dry skin, dry mucosa –> ciculatory collapse and death
Virulence factors of Vibrio cholera
Cholera toxin (CT):
1) 1 A subunit
2) 5 B subunits
Transmission of V.Vulnificus
Consumption of Raw oysters (infected) 7days prior infection
*Seafood realted death
Clinical syndroms attributed to V.Vulnificus
Necrotizing Cellulitis with Septicaemia
pateints at risk: Cirrihosis
Transmission of Campylobacter Jejuni
1) undercooked meat (esp. poultry, beef)
2) Contaminated water,food, Unpasteurised milk
3) Human-human transmission via fecal-oral route
Clinical syndroms of C.jejuni
1) Acute enteritis (fever,headache, maliase)
2) Diarrhoea : mild watery to acute colitis w/ grossly bloody stools
*Self -limited
The 2 types of diseases casued by Campylobacter spp?
1) Enteric
2) Extraintestinal
Extraintestinal complications of C.jejuni
1) Bacteremia –> with secondary abcesses , immunosupressed and HIV pateints at risk
2) Gullian-Barre Syndrome
3) Pregnancy Bacteremia –> septic abortion
Treatment of Campylobacter spp
usually Self limited- no need for abx
* give abx w/persistant symptoms
* may relapse
Distinctive microbiological properties of H.pylori?
- corkscrew motility
- pollar flagella
- produces urease
diseases attributed to Helicobacter pylori
1) Acute : asymptomatic or mild upper Gi illness –> vomiting, abdomnial pain, nausea , burping
2) Persistant colonization: Asymptomatic, may casue Dyspepsia
3) Dudenal Ulceration
4) Adenocarcinoma
5) B-cell gastric lymphoma
6) gastric ulceration
Available methods for Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori?
Serology, culture, histology, urease detection, urea breath test, Endoscopy, stool antigen test
What clinical sign is this ? What is the causative agent ?
necrotising cellulitis with septicaemia esp in patients with cirrhosis (after the consumption of Oysters)
CA: Vibrio Vulnificus
