Vestibular Neuronitis, Meniere's Disease and Vestibular Migraines

Question 1

what is the difference between vestibular neuronitis and labyrinthitis

Answer 1

associated tinnitus or hearing loss in labyrinthitis, not in vestibular neuronitis

Question 2

how long do episodes of vestibular neuronitis and labyrinthitis last

Answer 2

days

Question 3

what is the probable aetiology of vestibular neuronitis and labyrinthitis

Answer 3

viral aetiology

Question 4

describe the general management of vestibular neuronitis and labyrinthitis

Answer 4

supportive management with vestibular sedatives

generally self-limiting

Question 5

what is the rule of 3 for vestibular neuronitis and labyrinthitis

Answer 5

3 days in bed, 3 weeks off work and 3 months off balance

Question 6

what is the cause of Meniere’s Disease

Answer 6

unknown, idiopathic

Question 7

what is the pathophysiology of Meniere’s Disease

Answer 7

endolymphatic hydrops

Question 8

describe the diagnostic vertigo criteria for Meniere’s disease

Answer 8

history of recurrent, spontaneous, rotational vertigo with at least 2 episodes >20mins(often hours)

Question 9

describe the diagnostic criteria for Meniere’s disease, other than vertigo

Answer 9

new/worsening tinnitus on affected side, aural fullness on affected side, documented sensorineural hearing loss at least once

Question 10

what type of hearing loss is typically seen in Meniere’s disease

Answer 10

low frequency sensorineural hearing loss on affected side

Question 11

what is involved in the management of Meniere’s disease

Answer 11

supportive treatment during episodes, tinnitus therapy, hearing aids

Question 12

what is involved in the prevention of Meniere’s Disease

Answer 12

salt restriction, caffeine, alcohol, stress

Question 13

what symptoms are experienced by 25% of people with migraines

Answer 13

vertigo and ataxia

Question 14

what symptom occurs in around 2/3rds of people with migraines

Answer 14

motion sensitivity with bouts of motion sickness

Question 15

what is treatment for migraine associated vertigo based on

Answer 15

lifestyle modification and finding triggers

Question 16

what is involved in the lifestyle modification for migraine associated vertigo

Answer 16

alcohol, caffeine, chocolate citrus fruit, lack of sleep, etc.

Question 17

what is the pharmacological treatment of migraine associated vertigo aimed at

Answer 17

abortive agents(eg Triptans), prophylaxis(eg propanolol)

Question 18

what affects do vestibular shwannomas have on balance and hearing

Answer 18

progressive imbalance and hearing loss with tinnitus

Question 19

what vestibular diagnosis involves aural fullness

Answer 19

Meniere’s

Question 20

what vestibular diagnosis involved a clear positional trigger

Answer 20

BPPV

Question 21

what vestibular diagnosis involve hearing loss or tinnitus

Answer 21

Meniere’s and Labyrinthitis