HSV Oral ulcerations Flashcards
what are the 2 types of herpes simplex virus and which is more commonly associated with oral disease
HSV1 and HSV2
HSV1 more commonly associated with oral disease, but HSV2 can also cause
how is HSV1 transmitted
via infected oral secretions when in close contact
when is HSV1 most commonly acquired
in childhood, around 70% UK adults have been infected at some point
describe the clinical manifestations of HSV!
often asymptomatic, but can have a varied clinical presentation
what oral clinical features are seen with primary gingivostomatitis due to HSV1
lips, buccal mucosa and hard palate affected
vesicles 1-2mm and ulcers
what systemic clinical features are seen with primary gingivostomatitis
fever, local lymphadenopathy, can spread beyond mouth
what is the treatment for primary gingivostomatitis
aciclovir, does not prevent latency
describe why herpes simplex virus is ‘forever’
after primary infection, an inactive form of the virus remains in sensory nerve cells, and can reactivate to re-infect mucosal surfaces
what does the clinical manifestation of HSV in a individual depend on
depends on anatomic site involved and whether infection is due to primary or recurrent form of virus
what are some of the precipitating factors for recurrence of HSV1
immunodeficiency, stress, exposure to sunlight, fever
what symptoms do majority of patients experience around 24 hours before presentation of oral lesions in recurrent herpes infection
pain, burning, tingling, pruritus
prodromal symptoms
when recurrent lesions develop for HSV what are they usually, and where are they often located
localised oral-labial ulcerations; herpes labialis or cold sore/fever blisters
typically at vermillion border(where coloured portion of lips meet the skin)
what is herpetic whitlow and how can it occur
HSV infection of the finger, can occur by inoculation of the virus in a break in the skin barrier
what clinical features are associated with HSV -1 sporadic encephalitis
rapid onset fever, headache, seizures, focal neurologic signs and impaired consciousness
describe the lab confirmation of HSV
swab lesion of virus in transport medium, then detection via viral DNA by PCR
