Dizziness Flashcards

1
Q

how common is dizziness and BPPV

A
very common
(BPPV = benign positional paroxysmal vertigo)
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2
Q

how common is Menieres disease

A

uncommon

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3
Q

how common is vestibular migraine

A

common

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4
Q

give some examples of aetiology for dizziness

A

cardio cause, haematological, anxiety, neurological, migraine, otological

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5
Q

describe what dizziness is

A

a non-specific term, which covers vertigo, pre-syncope, disequilibrium etc.

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6
Q

describe what vertigo is

A

a sensation of movement, usually spinning

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7
Q

what clinical features are associated with cardiac aetiology of dizziness

A

light-headedness, syncope, palpitations

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8
Q

what clinical features are associated with a neurological aetiology of dizziness

A

blackouts, visual disturbance, paraesthesia, weakness, speech and swallow problems

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9
Q

what clinical features are associated with vestibular aetiology of dizziness

A

vertigo(sensation of motion); spinning, falling, being pushed

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10
Q

how can you differentiate between different vestibular causes of dizziness/vertigo by duration of episodes

A

BPPV = seconds
Meniere’s = hours
Vestibular neuritis = days
migraine associated vertigo = variable

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11
Q

what are some of the associated symptoms with vertigo

A

hearing loss, tinnitus, aural pressure, migraines/sensory sensitivity, sound/pressure induced symptoms

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12
Q

what is a good question for quick diagnosis of BPPV

A

do you get dizzy rolling over in be?

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13
Q

what is a good question for quick diagnosis of Menierre’s

A

does one ear feel full or do you notice any change(or tinnitus) in your hearing during the spells?

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14
Q

what is a good question for quick diagnosis of vestibular migraine

A

do you get light-sensitive during the dizzy spells

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15
Q

what is a good question for quick diagnosis of vestibular neuritis

A

was your first attack severe, lasting hours with nausea and vomiting?

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16
Q

what different examinations can be used to assess dizziness

A

otoscopy, neurological, BP, balance system, audiometry

17
Q

what vestibular end organs are responsible for sensing rotation

A

the ampullae of posterior, lateral and superior semi-circular canals

18
Q

what vestibular end organs are responsible for sensing horizontal and vertical motion

A

utricle and saccule

19
Q

what symptoms is experienced when there is a problem with the vestibulo-ocular reflex

A

nystagmus, ie rhythmic, oscillating eye movement

20
Q

give an example of a pathology that can effect the vestibulo-ocular reflex

A

vestibular neuritis

21
Q

how is the vestibulo-ocular reflex tested

A

head impulse test