Infective Mononucleosis and Candida/Candidiasis Flashcards
what is infective mononucleosis also known as
glandular fever
what is the classic triad of clinical features seen with infective mononucleosis
fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy
all 3 seen in 70% cases
what other signs and symptoms are associated with infective mononucleosis
jaundice/hepatitis(rare), rash(25%), malaise, lethargy, splenomegaly(50%), palate petechiae(frequent)
describe the atypical lymphocytes seen with infective mononucleosis
compared to normal; larger, irregular outline rather than round, irregular nuclear rather than round, more cell volume taken up by cytoplasm(basophilic)
what complications are associated with infective mononucleosis
splenic rupture, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, upper airway obstruction, increased risk lymphoma
what virus causes infective mononucleosis, and how is it transmitted
Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), virus of herpes family, oral-oral transmission
what are the 2 phases of primary infection with EBV
primary infection in early childhood(rarely results in mononucleosis)
primary infection in those >10 years, often causes mononucleosis
what is used to diagnose infectious mononucleosis
EBV IgM, heterophile antibody test. blood count, LFTs
what treatment is used for infective mononucleosis
bed rest, paracetamol, avoid sport, corticosteroids may have role
antivirals NOT clinically effective
what are some other causes of a similar illness to that of infective mononucleosis
cytomegalovirus(CMV), toxoplasmosis, primary HIV infection
what is the causative organism of candida(thrush)
Candida albicans
what are the clinical features associated with candida
white patches on red, raw mucous membranes in throat/mouth
what risk factors are associated with candida
post antibiotics, immunosuppressed, smokers, inhaled steroids
what is the treatment for candida infection
nystatin or fluconazole
