Facial Trauma

Question 1

describe the structural importance of the maxilla

Answer 1

a bridge between the cranial base and the dental occlusion plane, so a functionally and cosmetically important structure

Question 2

what symptoms can be seen with a facial fracture

Answer 2

pain, diplopia, decreased visual acuity

Question 3

what signs can be seen with a facial fracture

Answer 3

periorbital ecchymosis, oedema, enopthalmos, restriction of ocular movement, bony step of orbital rim, hypoaesthesia

Question 4

what can be seen on a CT in facial fractures

Answer 4

‘tear drop’ sign of the sinuses

Question 5

when would surgical repair of the bony walls be used for facial fractures

Answer 5

entrapment, large defect, significant enopthalmos

Question 6

what are the 3 different types of midfacial fracture

Answer 6

horizontal(Le Fort I), pyramidal(Le Fort II) and transverse(Le Fort III)

Question 7

what should be looked for in examination of facial fractures

Answer 7

soft tissue swelling, bruising, haematoma, posterior retrusion of midface, upper airway compromisation, palpate for defects