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optho/neuro > vestibular and paradoxical vestibular > Flashcards

vestibular and paradoxical vestibular Flashcards

1
Q

head tilt, archer reflex, proprioceptive deficits are all what

A

vestibular disease signs

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2
Q

where is the peripheral vestibular system located

A

in the tympanic bulla. cochlea cranial nerve 8 and semicircular canals

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3
Q

how does the peripheral vestibular sense motion

A

basal firing rate from the hair cells to the vestibular nerve. depending on what direction the hair cells move, it speeds up or slows down the firing rate

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4
Q

when the vestibular system is functioning normally what does excitation of the extensors on the left side cause

A

inhibition of the extensors on the right side

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5
Q

what causes nausea

A

over excitation of the CTZ zone

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6
Q

a conscious patient is a good indicator that what

A

it is a peripheral vestibular disease

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7
Q

proprioceptive deficits are seen with what vestibular localization

A

central.

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8
Q

which nystagmus usually indicates that it is a central vestibular lesion

A

vertical nystagmus

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9
Q

what is the number one ddx for central vestibular clinical signs

A

cancer. obtundation, proprioceptive deficits

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10
Q

what vestibular localization can have horners

A

peripheral

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11
Q

what do we do once we have localized the vestibular signs to the peripheral vestibular system

A

look in the ears! otitis and PSOM

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12
Q

acute onset of vestibular signs. what are your differentials

A

nasopharyngeal polyp or idiopathic vestibular disease. stertor, age

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13
Q

what are our go to treatments for otitis media

A

PO clavamox baytril, meringotomy, flush

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14
Q

what do we do with a nasopharyngeal polyp

A

sedate, retract and remove polyp, 1 mo course of steriods +- meringotomy

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15
Q

you see an old dog with vestibular signs. what do you want to do

A

look in the ears. check for hypothyroidism, hypertension

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16
Q

what is the toxic dose of metro

A

60mg/kg/day

17
Q

what can you do for metro toxicity

A

nothing for cats. dogs diazepam

18
Q

how do you differentiate central vestibular disease from cerebellar disease

A

the head tilt is opposite of the postural deficits in cerebellar disease

19
Q

general clinical signs of cerebellar diseases

A

intention tremors, hypermetria, titubation-head swinging, vestibular signs, stargazing

20
Q

am staff that has progressive cerebellar signs- intention tremors, head tilt, etc. what age are you expecting and what is your prognosis

A

4-6yr old. slow progressive disease that is heritable. eventually will be obtunded but can live 2-4 more years

21
Q

cavalier with suspected chari like malformations. what clinical signs do you anticipate and what is the treatment

A

fantom itching, random yelping/pain, ataxia.

start on gabapentin or pregabalin and steroids for edema and inflammation.

+- surgical decompression

22
Q

what causes feline panleuk to cause cerebellar hypoplasia

A

infection of the rapidly migrating granular cells.

23
Q

wobbly puppy in the first 3 weeks of life

A

canine herpesvirus

24
Q

what are the cerebellar signs associated with canine distemper virus

A

myoclonic jerks, vestibular signs, intention tremors

25
Q

how do we diagnose distemper

A

PCR of CSF, or treat empirically based on presentation

26
Q

what is GME

A

immune mediated multifocal inflammation, settling around blood vessels

27
Q

how are we diagnosing MUE

A

diagnosis of exculsion, can biopsy but

28
Q

what is the treatment for MUE

A

because no definitive diagnose. empirically treat for infectious, then immune suppression, pred + others.
lifelong

29
Q

prognosis for MUE

A

rule of thirds
1/3 die in a month
1/3 recover to a new normal
1/3 are back to complete normal

30
Q

acute CNS signs in a small breed dog. what are your differentials

A

MUE, white shaker dog, +- chari malformation. R/o based on clinical signs

31
Q

what is the treatment for tremor syndrome - white shaker dog

A

steroid, 2mg/kg/day for one month then taper. can relapse

32
Q

what are the two major neoplasias that can affect the cerebellum

A

glioma and meningioma

optho/neuro (13 decks)

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