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Anatomy > Vessels and Circulation > Flashcards

Vessels and Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

What do vessels often share their name with?

A

The body region or bone next to it.

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2
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

Circulation of blood vessels that extend to and from the body tissues.

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3
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

Circulation of vessels that take blood to the lungs for gas exchange and then return it to the heart.

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4
Q

Where do arteries transport blood?

A

away from the heart to body tissues.

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5
Q

What do arteries bifurcate into?

A

arterioles and capillaries

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6
Q

What to capillaries eventually become?

A

venules and veins

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7
Q

What is an anastomosis?

A

Site where two or more vessels merge to supply the same body region.

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8
Q

What happens to veins as they get closer to the heart?

A

They increase in size

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9
Q

What are anatomical end arteries?

A

vessels whose terminal branches do not anastomose. They can cause oxygen deprivation of tissues if blocked.

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10
Q

What are functional end arteries?

A

arteries whose anastomoses are so small that they may be considered end arteries.

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11
Q

What are the tunics of vessels?

A

The walls of blood vessels.

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12
Q

What is the tunica intima composed of?

A

epithelial cells

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13
Q

What is the tunica media composed of?

A

smooth muscle cells (under autonomic control)

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14
Q

What is the tunica externa composed of?

A

collagen cells

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15
Q

Does an artery or a vein have a larger tunica media?

A

artery

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16
Q

Does an artery or a vein have a larger tunica externa?

A

vein

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17
Q

What is a “substitute” for the tunica media in the veins?

A

valves

18
Q

Does an artery or vein maintain a circular shape?

A

artery

19
Q

Which vessel has the highest blood pressure?

A

artery

20
Q

What carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

A

pulmonar arteries

21
Q

What are the three types of arteries?

A

elastic, muscular, arterioles

22
Q

As an artery’s diameter decreases, what increases?

A

smooth muscle

23
Q

What is a feature of elastic arteries?

A

they have a high proportion of elastic fibers in the tunica media; allows for SMOOTH flow of blood.

24
Q

Where can elastic arteries be found?

A

aorta, pulmonary arteries, brachiocephalic trunk, common carotid and iliac

25
Q

What is a feature of muscular arteries?

A

A thick tunica media

26
Q

What is a feature of arterioles?

A

they are under autonomic control.

27
Q

What is arteriosclerosis?

A

hardening of the arteries

28
Q

What is atherosclerosis

A

buildup of plaques in arteries

29
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Allow exchange of gas and nutrients between the blood and body tissues.

30
Q

What is the only tunica layer present in capillaries?

A

tunica intima

31
Q

Where does blood leave from to enter the capillaries?

A

terminal arteriole, then metarteriole.

32
Q

What branches off of the meta-arteriole?

A

true capillaries

33
Q

What controls blood flow into the capillaries?

A

pre-capillary sphincter

34
Q

What channel do the true capillaries anastomose into?

A

Thoroughfare channel

35
Q

What does the thoroughfare channel connect to?

A

post-capillary venule

36
Q

What are the three types of capillaries?

A

continuous (most common), fenestrated and sinusoids

37
Q

What carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart?

A

pulmonary vein

38
Q

What do many deep veins pass through in order to reach the heart?

A

skeletal muscle groups

39
Q

What is hypertension?

A

Chronically elevated blood pressure

40
Q

What is the pathway of pulmonary circulation

A

right ventricle -> pulmonary trunk -> L & R pulmonary arteries

Anatomy (12 decks)

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