Vessels Flashcards
Which vessels typically carry blood away from the heart?
arteries
Which vessels have thinner walls?
veins
What will an increase in vessel radius do to peripheral resistance?
lower resistance
Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure?
systemic arteries
Which nervous system promotes increased peripheral resistance and increased blood pressure through the vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles?
sympathetic
The Valsalva maneuver causes a drop in blood pressure which should be detected by
Baroreceptors
Which mechanism allows lipid-soluble substances to move through the membranes of endothelial cells of capillaries?
Diffusion
Water crosses capillary beds from high to low hydrostatic pressure by
Filtration
What is edema?
swelling
As peripheral resistance _________, blood pressure __________
increases; increases
Peripheral resistance includes blood vessel_____________, blood _____________, and vessel ____________.
Length; viscosity; radius
Blood pressure is equivalent to
hydrostatic pressure
At the arteriole end of the capillary, which pressure is the greatest?
capillary hydrostatic pressure
Which pressure pulls water into the capillary?
colloid osmotic pressure
Which pressure is created by the presence of large proteins in the blood, such as albumin?
colloid osmotic pressure
What type of capillary has large pores within their endothelial cells and are the leakiest?
sinusoidal capillaries
Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells?
continuous capillaries
What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
diastolic and systolic pressures
The average pressure in the systemic arteries during an entire cardiac cycle is known as
MAP
What is the average value for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
95 mm Hg
Which circuit has the greatest peripheral resistance?
systemic
What two factors determine the pressure gradient that drives circulation?
cardiac output and peripheral resistance
During exercise, our vessels constrict and vessel radius decreases. What impact does a decreased vessel radius have on blood flow?
blood flow increases
What vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body?
veins
Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses?
collaterals
The outward force that blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels is
blood pressure
Place in order from superficial to deep the three tunics of a typical blood vessel
Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
Which blood vessel tunic is innervated by nerves from the sympathetic nervous system?
tunica media
Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter?
metarterioles
What type of vessel is built to handle the highest blood pressure of any vessel in the cardiovascular system?
elastic artery
