Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Which vessels typically carry blood away from the heart?

A

arteries

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2
Q

Which vessels have thinner walls?

A

veins

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3
Q

What will an increase in vessel radius do to peripheral resistance?

A

lower resistance

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4
Q

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure?

A

systemic arteries

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5
Q

Which nervous system promotes increased peripheral resistance and increased blood pressure through the vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles?

A

sympathetic

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6
Q

The Valsalva maneuver causes a drop in blood pressure which should be detected by

A

Baroreceptors

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7
Q

Which mechanism allows lipid-soluble substances to move through the membranes of endothelial cells of capillaries?

A

Diffusion

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8
Q

Water crosses capillary beds from high to low hydrostatic pressure by

A

Filtration

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9
Q

What is edema?

A

swelling

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10
Q

As peripheral resistance _________, blood pressure __________

A

increases; increases

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11
Q

Peripheral resistance includes blood vessel_____________, blood _____________, and vessel ____________.

A

Length; viscosity; radius

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12
Q

Blood pressure is equivalent to

A

hydrostatic pressure

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13
Q

At the arteriole end of the capillary, which pressure is the greatest?

A

capillary hydrostatic pressure

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14
Q

Which pressure pulls water into the capillary?

A

colloid osmotic pressure

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15
Q

Which pressure is created by the presence of large proteins in the blood, such as albumin?

A

colloid osmotic pressure

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16
Q

What type of capillary has large pores within their endothelial cells and are the leakiest?

A

sinusoidal capillaries

17
Q

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells?

A

continuous capillaries

18
Q

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

A

diastolic and systolic pressures

19
Q

The average pressure in the systemic arteries during an entire cardiac cycle is known as

20
Q

What is the average value for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

21
Q

Which circuit has the greatest peripheral resistance?

22
Q

What two factors determine the pressure gradient that drives circulation?

A

cardiac output and peripheral resistance

23
Q

During exercise, our vessels constrict and vessel radius decreases. What impact does a decreased vessel radius have on blood flow?

A

blood flow increases

24
Q

What vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body?

25
Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses?
collaterals
26
The outward force that blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels is
blood pressure
27
Place in order from superficial to deep the three tunics of a typical blood vessel
Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
28
Which blood vessel tunic is innervated by nerves from the sympathetic nervous system?
tunica media
29
Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter?
metarterioles
30
What type of vessel is built to handle the highest blood pressure of any vessel in the cardiovascular system?
elastic artery