CH 19 Flashcards
How much blood does the average adult have?
5 Liters
The hematocrit is the percentage of blood composed of
erythrocytes
What plasma protein is most important for the blood’s colloid osmotic pressure?
albumin
What type of plasma protein are antibodies?
immune proteins
Red blood cells possess a protein known as
hemoglobin
The function of red blood cells is to transport the gases _______ and _______
oxygen; carbon dioxide
Name the compound given to the union between carbon monoxide and hemoglobin?
carboxyhemoglobin
Iron molecules released from the breakdown of hemoglobin are transported through the blood by
transferrin
All red blood cells in an adult originate in the
red bone marrow
Since erythrocytes lack the cellular machinery to make repairs, they only live _____ to ______ days
100-120
What organ serves as the control center for the regulation of erythropoiesis?
kidney
What event might trigger erythropoiesis?
blood oxygen levels fall below normal level
Which organ traps older erythrocytes so they will be removed from circulation?
spleen
A bruise appears greenish in the skin because
heme group has broken down into biliverdin
Which leukocytes are active phagocytes?
neutrophils and monocytes
During a tapeworm infection, you would expect to see increased numbers of
eosinophils
Neutrophils are most effective at
fighting a bacterial infection
Through the microscope, you notice a very large leukocyte with a U-shaped nucleus but no granules. What type of leukocyte have you observed?
monocyte
Which type of leukocyte may produce antibodies?
lymphocyte
Where do T lymphocytes mature?
thymus
The stoppage of bleeding is known as
hemostasis
When is fibrin produced during the coagulation cascade?
common pathway
During the common pathway, what turns fibrinogen into fibrin?
thrombin
What feature do platelets possess?
plasma membrane
What featured is shared by platelets and some leukocytes?
presence of granules
What is the most common type of leukocyte in a healthy adult?
neutrophil
Which of the following is considered a normal blood Ph?
7.40
What forms the majority of blood?
plasma
What percentage of the blood is composed of plasma?
55%
When blood is centrifuged, what is found in the buffy coat?
platelets and leukocytes
