vertebrates (exam3) Flashcards
are vertebrates monophyletic?
yes
what class of vertebrates are ‘jawless’?
hagfishes and lampreys
How many species of jawless vertebrates are there?
> 150
of the 4 major traits, how many do jawless vertebrates retain to adulthood?
all 4
Gnathostomes are also known as ____.
jawed vertebrates
How many lineages of jawed vertebrates are there?
5
What are the common names of the major lineages of jawed vertebrates?
-Cartilaginous fishes
-Ray-finned fishes
-Coelacanths
-Lungfishes
-Tetrapods
What are placoderms?
the oldest ancestor to the jawed fishes
What are common features for Chondrichthyes?
-no bones
-paired lateral fins
What is the scientific name for the group that includes sharks, rays, and skates? (cartilaginous fishes)
Chondrichthyes
What is the common name for Actinopterygii?
ray finned fishes
What is a common feature for ray finned fishes?
protrusible jaw
What is the common name for Actinistia?
coelacanths
What is a common characteristic of coelacanths?
four fleshy, lobed fins, supported by bones
What are the 3 lineages of bony fish?
-Ray finned fishes
-Coelacanths
-Lungfishes
What is the common name for dipnoi?
lungfishes
What are the 2 lineages of bony fish?
-lungfishes
-coelacanths
What lineage do caecilians fall under?
amphibians
What are amniotes?
animals whose embryos develop in an amniotic sac
Oviparous
species (mostly reptiles) that produce an amniotic egg
Viviparous
species in which the amniotic sac is kept internally
Are mammals ectotherms or endotherms?
endotherms
Are reptiles ectotherms or endotherms?
ectotherms
