Vertebral Foramen Flashcards
What is the typical outline/shape of the vertebral foramen at each region of the spinal column/vertebral column
Cervical-triangular
Thoracic-oval
Lumbar-triangular
Sacrum-triangular
At what vertebral level will the spinal cord typically terminate
L1
At what vertebral level will the dural sac typically terminate
S2
What are the segmental arteries
the arteries whose branches supply the vertebra segment
Identify all segmental arteries
Vertebral, ascending cervical, deep cervical, superior (highest intercostal)posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar, iliolumbar, lateral sacral and median (middle) sacral
What are the segmental arteries of the cervical spine
Vertebral artery, ascending cervical artery, and the deep cervical artery
What are the segmental arteries of the thoracic spine
the deep cervical artery, the superior (highest) costal artery the posterior costal artery and the subcostal artery
What are the segmental arteries of the lumbar spine
the lumbar arteries, iliolumbar arteries, the median (middle sacral) and the lateral sacral
What segmental levels are supplied by the vertebral artery
C1-C6
Wha segmental levels are supplied by the ascending cervical artery
C1-C6
What segmental levels are supplied by the deep cervical artery
C7-T1
What segmental levels are supplied by the superior (highest) intercostal artery
T1, T2
What segmental levels are supplied by the posterior intercostal artery
T3-T11
What segmental levels are supplied by the subcostal artery
T12
What segmental levels are supplied by the lumbar arteries
L1-L4
What segmental levels are supplied by the Median (middle) sacral arteries
L5, S1-S5 and coccyx
What segmental levels are supplied by the iliolumbar arteries
L5, S1-S5 and coccyx
Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the epidural space
osseous arteries, anterior canal artery, posterior spinal canal artery
What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament
anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
what arteries are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum
Posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the subarachnoid space
anterior radicular artery, posterior radicular artery, anterior medullary feeder artery, posterior medullary feeder artery
Which vessel will supply the ventral/anterior nerve rootlet and nerve root ganglion
anterior radicular artery
Which vessel will supply the posterior/dorsal nerve rootlet, nerve root and nerve ganglion
posterior radicular artery
What is the name given to the artery that lies in front of the spinal cord along its length
anterior spinal artery
The anterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery
the vertebral artery
is the anterior spinal artery a, single continuous artery along the spinal cord
no
As the anterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel
Anterior medullary feeder arteries
The posterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery
posterior inferior cerebellar artery
What is the position of the posterior spinal artery relative to the spinal cord
it lies in the posteriolateral sulcus along the spinal cord
is the posterior spinal artery a single continuous artery along the spinal cord
no
As the posterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel
posterior medullary feeder arteries
What changes to the arterial vasa corona occur between C3 and C6
right and left anterior spinal arteries fuse to become a single median anterior spinal artery, the right and left posterior spinal arteries are unchanged and the 4 communicating arteries are reduced to 3 communicating arteries
What arterial vasa corona branches supply gray matter and most of the spinal cord
ventral perforating arteries (central/sulcal)
What intramedullary branches supply about one third of the spinal cord
pial perforating arteries
What is the primary artery supplementing the arterial vasa corona
anterior medullary feeder arteries and posterior medullary feeder arteries
What vessels drain the spinal cord
pial veins
Which vessels will drain the venous vasa corona
anterior medullary veins, posterior medullary veins
which vessels will drain the ventral/anterior nerve roots
anterior radicular veins
which vessels will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve roots
posterior radicular veins
what vessel will drain the dorsal/ posterior nerve root ganglion
posterior radicular veins
What veins will lie in the subarachnoid space
pial veins, venous vasa corona, anterior longitudinal veins, posterior longitudinal veins, communicating veins, anterior medullary feeder veins, posterior medullary feeder veins, anterior radicular veins posterior radicular veins
What veins are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus, basivertebral vein
What veins are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum
posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
What venous vessels are identified in the intervertebral foramen
intervertebral veins
Identify the meninges of the spinal cord and the commonly accepted meaning of each
dura mater-tough mother
arachnoid mater-spider mother
pia mater-tender or delicate mother
name and locate each space formed between the osseous vertebral foramen and the spinal cord
epidural space-between vertebral foramen and dura mater
subdural space-between dura mater and arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space-between arachnoid mater and pia mater
What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space
interstitial fluid
What is the name given to the lateral extension of pia mater along the spinal cord
dentate (denticulate) ligaments
What is the unique feature of veins along the spinal canal
they lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins
