Ventilation vs. Respiration Flashcards
Ventilation
(VE) The movement of air into and from the lung by the process of bulk flow
Bulk Flow
The movement of molecules along a passageway due to the pressure difference between the two ends
Formula for Ventilation
VE (L/min)= frequency (br/min) x tidal volume (L)
Expected Values at Rest
VE (L/min)= 12 (br/min) x 0.5 (L) = 6.0 L/min
Expected Values at Maximal Exercise
VE (L/min)= 60 (br/min) x 3.0 (L) = 180 L/min
Pulmonary Ventilation
The amount of air moved in or out of the lungs per minute
Pulmonary Ventilation Formula
VE= VT x f
Tidal Volume (VT)
Amount of air moved per breath
Breathing Frequency (f)
Number of breaths per minute
Alveolar Ventilation
The volume of fresh air that reaches the respiratory zone with each breath
External Respiration
Pulmonary; Exchange of CO2 for O2 at the lungs
Internal Respiration
Cellular; Exchange of O2 for CO2 that was produced by the tissues
Bronchial Tree Conducting Zone
Structures that air passes through to reach the respiratory zone; Humidifies, warms, and filter the air (warming of air occurs to prevent lung tissue from drying out during exercise when breathing is increased; (Trachea, Bronchial Tree, Bronchioles)
Bronchial Tree Respiratory Zone
The region of the lung where gas exchange occurs; Large number of alveoli provide a large surface area for diffusion
(respiratory bronchioles (which contain small clusters of alveoli), Alveolar Ducts, and Alveolar Sacs (Surfactant))
Surfactant
Phospholipoprotein molecule, secreted by specialized cells of the lung that lines the surface of alveoli and respiratory bronchioles; Lowers the surface tension of the alveoli membranes, preventing the collapse of alveoli during exhalation and increasing compliance during inspiration
