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Ex Phys Test 3 > Short Term Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Short Term Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

(Fight or Flight)

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2
Q

Integrators

A

Subthalamic Locomotor Region, Cardiovascular Control Center (CVC)

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3
Q

Subthalamic Locomotor Region

A

Control Center

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4
Q

Subthalamic Locomotor Region Affects

A

Heart Rate, Arterial BP, LV Contractility

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5
Q

Subthalamic Locomotor Region Mechanism of Control

A

CVC

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6
Q

Subthalamic Locomotor Region Functions

A

Motor unit recruitment, Ventilatory Control

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7
Q

Cardiovascular Control Center (CVC)

A

Reticular Formation (Medulla and Pons; Effector arm of circulatory control (Efferent)

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8
Q

How many loose cnx of nerves are in medulla?

A

5 main areas (Pressor, Depressor, Cardioacceleration Center, Cardioinhibitory Center, Nucleus Tractus Solitarius

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9
Q

Pressor Area (cnx of nerves in medulla)

A

Increase BP via Increased Vasoconstriction (Increase Sympathetic Tone)

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10
Q

Depressor Area (cnx of nerves in medulla)

A

Reverse of Pressor (Decrease Sympathetic Tone)

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11
Q

Cardioacceleration Center (cnx of nerves in medulla)

A

Decrease HR (Via Cardiac Accel. Nerves)

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12
Q

Cardioinhibitory Center (cnx of nerves in medulla)

A

Decrease Heart Rate (Via Vagus Nerves)

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13
Q

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) (cnx of nerves in medulla)

A

Receives afferent feedback from chemoreceptors and baroreceptors

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14
Q

What is the CVC effector?

A

The ANS

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15
Q

Afferents

A

Hypothalamus, Chemoreceptors, Baroreceptors, Muscle Afferents

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16
Q

Hypothalamus (Afferent) Function

A

Influence circulation in response to Δ Tcore (set point)

17
Q

Hypothalamus (Afferent) Action

A

Afferent feedback to CVC (the effector)

18
Q

Hypothalamus (Afferent) Opposing Messages

A

Hot= Anterior Hypothalamus, Cutaneous Vasodilation; Cold= Posterior Hypothalamus, Cutaneous Vasoconstriction

19
Q

Chemoreceptors (Afferent) Multiple Locations

A

Peripheral> Aortic/ Carotid> Detects increase in pCO2, Decrease in pO2, and decrease in pH; Central> Medullary> Detects decrease in pH, increase in pCO2

20
Q

Chemoreceptors (Afferent) Function

A

Sensitive to PCO2, PO2, pH (set point)

21
Q

Chemoreceptors (Afferent) Action

A

Afferent signal to CVC via glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, Causes inhibition of pressure center, Coordinates ventilatory response, High Metabolic Activity= Increased firing frequency, Low Metabolic Activity= Decreased firing frequency

22
Q

Baroreceptors (Afferent) Major Arteries (high pressure)

A

Carotid Sinus> Glossopharyngeal> NTS; Aortic Arch> Vagus> NTS

23
Q

Baroreceptors (Afferent) Heart (low pressure)

A

Atria; Decreased BP signals posterior pituitary, Increased BP causes atrial myocytes to release anti-aldosterone (ANP)

24
Q

Baroreceptors (Afferent) Function

A

Sensitive to BP

25
Q

Baroreceptors (Afferent) Action

A

Signal CVC (inhibit pressor center) via glossopharyngeal and vagus; High Flow= Increased firing frequency, Low Flow= Decreased firing frequency

26
Q

Exercise Baroreflex

A

HR and BP increase immediately during exercise by baroreceptor “Resetting” to an increased set point; Baroreceptors play a critical role in active skeletal muscle circulation by allowing muscle vasodilation when pressure is high and muscle vasoconstriction when pressure is low (Alters Afferent Feedback Response)

27
Q

Muscle Afferents

A

Oppose Chemoreceptors, Baroreceptors, and Autoregulation (Afferent)

28
Q

4 types of muscle Afferents (only 2 cause Δ circulation)

A

Type III= Ergoreceptors (stretch sensitive); Type IV= Chemo & thermo sensitive

29
Q

Action

A

Afferently signal CVC; Cardioacceleratory: Increase HR & contractility Pressor center= Increase vasoconstriction

30
Q

Muscle Afferents, Mitchell paper (1983)

A

Type IV: Low exercise intensity (inactive/no stimuli); High exercise intensity (very active); VC in active muscle? (offset autoregulation) Explains Saltin (1988)!!!

31
Q

Autoregulation: not regulated by a BCS but still very important! (Self Governance)

A

Blood flow increased to meet metabolic demands of tissue (Major factor during exercise); Arterioles dilate in response to: O2 Tension, CO2 Tension, Nitric Oxide, Potassium, Adenosine, pH

Ex Phys Test 3 (16 decks)

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