Long Term Regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure.

Question 1

Kidneys (via control of blood volume): Important site of synthesis for several hormones including:

Answer 1

Renin, Erythropoietin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol)

Question 2

Renin

Answer 2

Na+ and H2O balance

Question 3

Erythropoietin

Answer 3

Erythrocyte Formation

Question 4

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol)

Answer 4

Ca2+ homeostasis

Question 5

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Antidiuretic Hormone System

Answer 5

Angiotensinogen> Renin comes in> Angiotensin I> Converting Enzyme comes in> Angiotensin II> Stimulation of aldosterone secretion> Increased Preload (If Angiotensin II does not stimulate aldosterone, afterload is increased)

Question 6

Location of Osmoreceptors

Answer 6

Hypothalamus and Macula Densa; Afferents for the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

Question 7

Hypothalamus Osmoreceptors

Answer 7

Plasma osm increases cause osmR>

Question 8

Macula Densa Osmoreceptors

Answer 8

Cell cluster in Kidney (distal tubule); Affererently to Macula densa (Increase PGI); PGI signal juxtaglomerular apparatus (kidney): Increase Renin; RAAAS system now active