vegetables Flashcards
when should you sow beetroot and how far apart should the rows be?
sow march - april
rows 30cm apart
what is the thinning distance for beetroot in open ground?
12cm
when do you lift the beetroot roots for harvest and how should they be stored?
lift in october
store in boxes of sand in a frost proof building
when do you sow onion seed under glass?
January, in seed trays and plant out in April.
when do you sow onion seeds directly outdoors?
mid Feb - March, or autumn
what is the spacing for onions?
20-40cm
Before planting onions, how do you prep the ground?
it must be well dug and manured
leave the surface to be broken down by frost over winter
rake into fine tilth and firm.
describe onion sets
immature small onions bought at garden centres
press into soil
they are easier the grow than seeds and set off faster
How and when do you harvest onions?
harvest mid august or later
pull up crop when tops have dies back
allow them to dry before storing
skins should be papers
place on racks to dry
can hang in plaits, nets or old stockings in a frost free palce.
name some onions for salads
white lisbon
name some main crop onions
Ailsa craig
what is the ground prep for leeks?
must be well manured and dug over
leave over winter for frost to weather it down
rake a tilth and firm
how do you sow leeks?
sow seed feb-april in a prepped seedbed
transplant when 20cm high
trim tops off plants
space 20cm apart in rows 35cm apart
make hole with dibber
water
hoe regularly to weed
draw up soil around plants before they are fully mature
very winter hards - leave in soil until needed
name some leek varieties
royal favourite
why are lettuces sown at regular intervals in small amounts?
to ensure a regular supply and avoid a glut of too many plants at one time
where can you grow lettuces?
directly in open ground without protection
in a cold frame
under cloches
when do you sow lettuces in open ground without protection?
sow early march, fortnightly
At what stage do you thin lettuces?
when the first pair of leaves appear
when do you sow lettuces under cloches?
sow mid October and transplant mid December
where can courgettes be sown?
direct outdoors, a frame or greenhouse
how often should you feed a courgette plant?
every two weeks with a liquid fert, never water from overhead
what kind of soil do courgettes like?
rich in manure
name some diseases that effect courgettes
botrytis and powdery mildew
when do you harvest a courgette?
when it is 12cm long
name some varieties of courgettes
Venus and El Greco
do you add om to soil in the previous year for a carrot crop?
no
name some short rooted carrot varieties
Amsterdam Forcing
Tiana
name some long rooted maincrop carrot varieties
St. Valery
New Red Intermediate
describe where to grow runner beans
sheltered position
full sun - good cond. for pollinators
soil rich in humus and OM
a trench is usually prepared
describe ground prep for runner beans
dig in well-rotted manure in autumn
Add a general fertiliser by raking into soil 2 weeks before sowing seed/planting out.
when should you sow runner beans?
under glass in May and plant out in June after risk of frost passed.
Never plant in open ground until June as very susceptible to frost damage.
name some runner bean varieties
Steamline
Sunset
Scarlet Emperor
why should you select good hybrid varieties of Brussels sprouts?
with careful selection you can get a succession to pick from sep until May.
when should you sow Brussels Sprouts?
spring under glass to harvest in Sep
Sow outdoors March - June
what is the spacing for |Brussels sprouts?
60cm
what pH levels does winter cabbage and Brussels sprouts prefer?
they like a high pH so add lime to soil in winter
name some varieties of winter cabbage
Christmas Drumhead
Holland Late Winter
how do you sow winter cabbage?
in drills 1.5-2.5cm deep and 25cm apart April -May
Thin in their rows to prevent spindly growth
Transplant into final location 60cm apart for large headed plants
Space smaller headed plants 40cm apart.
