Vasodilators

Question 0

Minoxidil

Answer 0

Rogaine
Open K channel in ARTERIOLE
NEVER ALONE due to potent hypotension and reflexive tachycardia –> take with Beta blocker
SE: HYPERTRICHOSIS (hair growth)

Question 1

Hydralazine

Answer 1

1st line therapy for HTN in pregnancy (with methyldopa)
ARTERIOLE
Powerful dec in BP–> take with beta blocker to prevent reflexive tachycardia
Tox: hypotension and reflexive tach, dizziness, angina, DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS (in slow acetylators:* This gene causes the enzyme to work slowly in the metabolism of certain drugs. Because of this slow pace situation the slow acetylator person will receive more of the given drug)

Question 2

Diazoxide

Answer 2

Open K channel in ARTERIOLE
Tox: Hypotension+reflex tach
HYPERGLYCEMIA (don’t give with non-insulin dependent diabetics)
HYPERTRICHOSIS

Question 3

Nitroprusside

Answer 3

NO (nitric oxide) in venules AND arterioles -> venodilation to lower ventricular filling P in shock, dilate arterioles to reduce req for LV systolic ejection P => CO inc
Unstable and short-acting
Combo with Dopamine (DA-1 agonist vasodilator in peripheral vasculature) for direct CO improvement
Tox: like the others but NO HAIR GROWTH, CYANIDE toxicity (releases cyanide), CORONARY STEAL syndrome (in pt with partial blockage, when vasodilator takes effect, blood preferentially flow away from the blockage), hypotension