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MSK > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

name the 5 main types of vasculitis

A
  1. large vessel
  2. medium vessel
  3. ANCA-associated small vessel
  4. immune complex small-vessel vasculitis
  5. anti-GBM
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2
Q

name the type of vasculitis:

polyarteritis nodosa
kawasaki disease

A

medium vessel

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3
Q

name the type of vasculitis:

microscopic polyangitis
Wegner’s
Churg-strauss

A

ANCA-associated small vessel

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4
Q

name the type of vasculitis:

cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
IgA vasculitis - Henoch-Schönlein
hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis - Anti-C1q vasculitis

A

immune complex small-vessel vasculitis

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5
Q

name the type of vasculitis:

Takayasu arteritis
giant cell arteritis

A

large-vessel

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6
Q

large vessel vasculitis affects what?

A

chronic granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches

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7
Q

name the 2 main types of large vessel vasculitis

A

GCA and Takayasu

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8
Q

who does Takayasu commonly affect?

age?
sex?
ethnicity?

A

young
female
asian

(100 times more common in asians)

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9
Q

GCA commonly affects what artery?

A

temporal artery

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10
Q

features of GCA?

A

low-grade fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss, arthralgia and fatigue

claudicant symptoms

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11
Q

what 3 things are elevated in large vessel vasculitis?

A

ESR
PV
CRP

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12
Q

what imaging technique shows thickened walls and stenosis in large vessel arteritis?

A

MR angiography

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13
Q

large vessel arteritis treatment?

A

corticosteroids - 40-60mg prednisolone

methotrexate and azathioprine can be added

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14
Q

small to medium vasculitis can be split into what?

A

ANCA positive and negative

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15
Q

do small to medium vessel vasculitis blanch?

A

no

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16
Q

diagnose:

non-ANCA
IgA dominant

A

Henoch-Schnlein purpura

17
Q

diagnose:

ANCA
granulomatous
no asthma/eosinophilla

A

Wegner’s granulomatosis

18
Q

diagnose:

non-ANCA
no IgA
no cryoglobulinemia

A

other - IBD vasculitis

19
Q

diagnose:

ANCA
granulomatous
asthma/eosinophilla

A

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

20
Q

diagnose:

non-ANCA
no IgA
cryoglobulin

A

cryoglobulinemia

21
Q

diagnose:

ANCA
no granulomas

A

microscopic polyangitis

22
Q

the following may be seen in what condition:

fever and weight loss 
raised, non blanching purpuric rash 
arthralgia/arthritis 
mononeuritis multiplex 
glomerulonephritis 
lung opacities on x-ray
A

small-medium vessel vasculitis

23
Q

diagnose:

granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract and necrotising vasculitis affecting small to medium vessels

A

granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegner’s or GPA)

24
Q

diagnose:

necrotising vasculitis with few or no immune deposits affecting small vessels with glomerulonephritis being very common

A

microscopic polyangitis

25
Q

diagnose:

eosinophil-rich and granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract and necrotising vasculitis affecting small to medium vessels associated with asthma and eosinophilia

A

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

26
Q

GPA/Wegner’s common symptoms?

A

ENT complications:

nose bleeds, deafness, sinusitis, nasal crusting an nasal cartilage collapse, haemoptysis and caveating lesions on CXR

27
Q

GPA is associated with ANCA and PR

A

GPA is associated with cANCA and PR3

28
Q

EGPA/Churg-Strauss Syndrome characteristics?

A

late onset asthma, rhinitis and a raised peripheral blood eosinophil count

neurological symptoms such as mono neuritis multiplex are common

29
Q

most important complication in microscopic polyangitis?

A

glomerulonephritis

30
Q

can ANCA be relied on all of the time for diagnosis?

A

no!

31
Q

investigations of ANCA vasculitis?

A 
ESR, PR, CRP
anaemia
U+E for renal
ANCA
urinalysis
CXR
biopsy
32
Q

ANCA associated vasculitis treatment?

A

IV steroids and cyclophosphamide

33
Q

name the generalised vasculitis that is non-ANCA and is IgA mediated

A

Henoch-Schonlein

34
Q

who does Henoch-Schonlein commonly affect? after what infection?

A

childen

after URTI

35
Q

Henoch-Schonlein signs/symptoms?

treatment?

A

purpuric rash over the buttocks and lower limbs, abdominal pain and vomiting and joint pain

self limiting - settles over weeks to months

MSK (12 decks)

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