Vasculitis

Question 1

name the 5 main types of vasculitis

Answer 1

1. large vessel
2. medium vessel
3. ANCA-associated small vessel
4. immune complex small-vessel vasculitis
5. anti-GBM

Question 2

name the type of vasculitis:

polyarteritis nodosa
kawasaki disease

Answer 2

medium vessel

Question 3

name the type of vasculitis:

microscopic polyangitis
Wegner’s
Churg-strauss

Answer 3

ANCA-associated small vessel

Question 4

name the type of vasculitis:

cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
IgA vasculitis - Henoch-Schönlein
hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis - Anti-C1q vasculitis

Answer 4

immune complex small-vessel vasculitis

Question 5

name the type of vasculitis:

Takayasu arteritis
giant cell arteritis

Answer 5

large-vessel

Question 6

large vessel vasculitis affects what?

Answer 6

chronic granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches

Question 7

name the 2 main types of large vessel vasculitis

Answer 7

GCA and Takayasu

Question 8

who does Takayasu commonly affect?

age?
sex?
ethnicity?

Answer 8

young
female
asian

(100 times more common in asians)

Question 9

GCA commonly affects what artery?

Answer 9

temporal artery

Question 10

features of GCA?

Answer 10

low-grade fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss, arthralgia and fatigue

claudicant symptoms

Question 11

what 3 things are elevated in large vessel vasculitis?

Answer 11

ESR
PV
CRP

Question 12

what imaging technique shows thickened walls and stenosis in large vessel arteritis?

Answer 12

MR angiography

Question 13

large vessel arteritis treatment?

Answer 13

corticosteroids - 40-60mg prednisolone

methotrexate and azathioprine can be added

Question 14

small to medium vasculitis can be split into what?

Answer 14

ANCA positive and negative

Question 15

do small to medium vessel vasculitis blanch?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

diagnose:

non-ANCA
IgA dominant

Answer 16

Henoch-Schnlein purpura

Question 17

diagnose:

ANCA
granulomatous
no asthma/eosinophilla

Answer 17

Wegner’s granulomatosis

Question 18

diagnose:

non-ANCA
no IgA
no cryoglobulinemia

Answer 18

other - IBD vasculitis

Question 19

diagnose:

ANCA
granulomatous
asthma/eosinophilla

Answer 19

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

Question 20

diagnose:

non-ANCA
no IgA
cryoglobulin

Answer 20

cryoglobulinemia

Question 21

diagnose:

ANCA
no granulomas

Answer 21

microscopic polyangitis

Question 22

the following may be seen in what condition:

fever and weight loss 
raised, non blanching purpuric rash 
arthralgia/arthritis 
mononeuritis multiplex 
glomerulonephritis 
lung opacities on x-ray

Answer 22

small-medium vessel vasculitis

Question 23

diagnose:

granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract and necrotising vasculitis affecting small to medium vessels

Answer 23

granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegner’s or GPA)

Question 24

diagnose:

necrotising vasculitis with few or no immune deposits affecting small vessels with glomerulonephritis being very common

Answer 24

microscopic polyangitis

Question 25

diagnose: eosinophil-rich and granulomatous inflammation involving the respiratory tract and necrotising vasculitis affecting small to medium vessels associated with asthma and eosinophilia

Answer 25

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

Question 26

GPA/Wegner's common symptoms?

Answer 26

ENT complications: nose bleeds, deafness, sinusitis, nasal crusting an nasal cartilage collapse, haemoptysis and caveating lesions on CXR

Question 27

GPA is associated with _ANCA and PR_

Answer 27

GPA is associated with cANCA and PR3

Question 28

EGPA/Churg-Strauss Syndrome characteristics?

Answer 28

late onset asthma, rhinitis and a raised peripheral blood eosinophil count neurological symptoms such as mono neuritis multiplex are common

Question 29

most important complication in microscopic polyangitis?

Answer 29

glomerulonephritis

Question 30

can ANCA be relied on all of the time for diagnosis?

Answer 30

no!

Question 31

investigations of ANCA vasculitis?

Answer 31

``` ESR, PR, CRP anaemia U+E for renal ANCA urinalysis CXR biopsy ```

Question 32

ANCA associated vasculitis treatment?

Answer 32

IV steroids and cyclophosphamide

Question 33

name the generalised vasculitis that is non-ANCA and is IgA mediated

Answer 33

Henoch-Schonlein

Question 34

who does Henoch-Schonlein commonly affect? after what infection?

Answer 34

childen | after URTI

Question 35

Henoch-Schonlein signs/symptoms? treatment?

Answer 35

purpuric rash over the buttocks and lower limbs, abdominal pain and vomiting and joint pain self limiting - settles over weeks to months