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Vasculitides Flashcards

1
Q

Complication of giant cell (temporal) arteritis?

  • Elderly female > 50
  • Unilateral HA, jaw claudication, flu-like sx
A

BLINDNESS (ophthalmic artery occlusion)

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2
Q

What condition is giant cell (temporal) arteritis associated with?

A

Polymyalgia rheumatica

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3
Q

What artery is giant cell (temporal) arteritis associated with?

A

Branches of carotid –> temporal

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4
Q

giant cell (temporal) arteritis bx shows?

A

Focal granulomatous inflammation (segmental)

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5
Q

giant cell (temporal) arteritis labs?

A

Elevated ESR

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6
Q

giant cell (temporal) arteritis Rx?

A

Corticosteroids to prevent blindness

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7
Q

What do people call Takayasu arteritis?

- Asian females

A

“Pulseless DZ” - weak UE pulses

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8
Q

Takayasu arteritis bx?

A

Granulomatous thickening

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9
Q

What artery is involved with Takayasu arteritis?

A

Aortic arch and proximal great vessels

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10
Q

Takayasu arteritis labs?

A

Elevated ESR

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11
Q

Takayasu arteritis Rx?

A

Corticosteroids

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12
Q

What infection is polyarteritis nodosa associated with?

  • Young adult male
  • Fever, weight loss malaise, HA
  • Abdominal pain, melena
  • HTN, neuro dysfunction, cutaneous eruptions, renal damage
A

Hepatitis B

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13
Q

What vessels does polyarteritis nodosa involve?

A

Renal and visceral vessels

NOT pulmonary arteries (lungs are spared)

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14
Q

Pathogenesis of polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Immune complex mediated

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15
Q

polyarteritis nodosa bx?

A

Transmural inflammation of arterial wall with fibrinoid necrosis
- Different stages of inflammation in different vessels

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16
Q

polyarteritis nodosa arteriogram?

A

Innumerable renal microaneurysms and spasms

17
Q

polyarteritis nodosa rx?

A

Corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide

18
Q

Kawasaki Disease presentation?

A

Asian children

19
Q

Complication of Kawasaki?

A

Coronary artery aneurysms

20
Q

Kawasaki rx?

A

IV Ig and aspirin

21
Q

Presentation of Buerger DZ?

22
Q

Complications of Buerger DZ?

A
  • Gangrene, autoamputation of digits, superficial nodular phlebitis
23
Q

Buerger DZ bx?

A

Segmental thrombosing vasculitis

24
Q

Buerger DZ treatment?

A

Smoking cessation

25
Q

Wegener’s Granulomatosis with polyangiitis presentation

A

Middle aged male

  • URT: perforation of nasal septum, chronic sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis
  • LRT: hemoptysis, cough, dyspnea
  • Renal: hematuria, RBC casts
26
Q

Wegener’s Granulomatosis with polyangiitis triad?

A
  • Focal necrotizing vasculitis
  • Necrotizing granulomas in the lung and upper airway (giant cells)
  • Necrotizing GN
27
Q

Wegener’s Granulomatosis with polyangiitis marker?

A

c-ANCA (PR3-ANCA) - antiproteinase 3 (neutrophil)

28
Q

Wegener’s Granulomatosis with polyangiitis CXR?

A

Large nodular densities

29
Q

Wegener’s Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Rx?

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

30
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis presentation?

A

Like Wegener’s but no URT involvement

31
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis bx?

A
  • Necrotizing vasculitis in lungs, kidneys, skin
  • Pauci-immune GN
  • Palpable purpura
  • NO GRANULOMAS
32
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis marker?

A

p-ANCA (MPO-ANCA) - anti-myeloperoxidase

33
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis rx?

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

34
Q

Churg-Strauss (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis) presentation?

A

Asthma, sinusitis, skin nodules/purpura, peripheral neuropathy (wrist/foot drop)

35
Q

Churg-Strauss (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis) bx?

A

Granulomatous, necrotizing vasculitis with eosinophilia

36
Q

Churg-Strauss (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis) marker?

A

p-ANCA, increased IgE

37
Q

Henoch-Schonlein purpura presentation?

A

KIDS, follows URI

  • Skin: palpable purpura on buttocks/legs
  • Arthralgias
  • GI: abdominal pain and bleeding
38
Q

Henoch-Schonlein purpura pathogenesis?

A

IgA immune complex deposition

Type III HSN

39
Q

What renal thingamajig is Henoch-Schonlein purpura associated with?

A

IgA Nephropathy (Berger DZ)

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