Aortic Arch/Branchial Cleft Derivatives Flashcards
1st Aortic Arch
Maxillary artery (branch of external carotid)
2nd Aortic Arch
Stapedial and hyoid artery
3rd Aortic Arch
Common carotid artery
Proximal part of internal carotid
4th Aortic Arch
L: aortic arch (L recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around)
R: proximal part of R subclavian a (right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around)
6th Aortic Arch
Proximal part of pulmonary a (L only)
Ductus arteriosus
Branchial Clefts
Ectoderm
Branchial Arches
Mesoderm (muscles, arteries) Neural crest (bones, cartilage)
Branchial Pouches
Endoderm
1st Branchial Cleft
External auditory meatus
2nd-4th Branchial Clefts
Temporary cervical sinuses –> obliterated by proliferation of 2nd arch mesenchyme
BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST (lateral, immobile)
1st Branchial Arch
C: maxillary process (maxilla, zygomatic), mandibular process (meckel cartilage –> mandible, malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament)
M: muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, lateral/medial pterygoids), mylohyoid, anterior belly of digstric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
N: CNV2 and V3 (mandibular and maxillary branches of trigeminal)
- Pierre Robin Sequence
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
2nd Branchial Arch
C: Reichert cartilage (stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament)
M: muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, platysma, posterior belly of digastric
N: CNVII (facial)
- Pierre Robin Sequence
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
3rd Branchial Arch
C: greater horn of hyoid
M: stylopharyngeus
N: CNIX (glossopharyngeal)
4th Branchial Arch
C: arytenoids, cricoid, corniculate, cuneiform, thyroid
4th M: most pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini
6th M: all intrinsic muscle of larynx except cricothyroid
4th N: CN X (superior laryngeal)
6th N: CN X (recurrent laryngeal)
1st Branchial Pouch
Middle ear cavity
Eustachian tubes
Mastoid air cells
