Vasculature of the Spine (Quiz 2) Flashcards
The spinal cord is supplied by ______________ arteries and 3 longitudinal arteries
segmental
The spinal cord is supplied by segmental arteries and 3 longitudinal arteries. What are the 3 longitudinal arteries?
one anterior spinal artery and 2 posterior spinal arteries
What are the segmental arteries called that arise off the subclavian arteries in the cervical region?
-vertebral arteries
-ascending cervical arteries
-deep cervical arteries
What are the segmental arteries called that arise directly off the aorta in the THORACIC region?
posterior intercostal arteries
What are the segmental arteries called that arise directly off the aorta in the LUMBAR region?
lumbar arteries
What are the segmental arteries called that arise directly off the aorta in the SACRAL region?
lateral sacral arteries
One anterior spinal artery and two posterior spinal arteries run down the spinal cord from the _____________________ to the __________________
medulla oblongata, conus medullaris
The longitudinal arteries provide blood directly to the spinal cord and are formed by branches of the vertebral artery. The posterior spinal arteries (2/3 of the longitudinal arteries) can also arise from the….
posterior inferior cerebellar artery
The anterior spinal artery runs inferiorly in the _________________ fissure and gives rise to ___________ arteries
anterior median, sulcal
Which artery provides the major blood supply directly to the spinal cord (supplies approx. 2/3 of the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord)?
test q
anterior spinal artery
Spinal branches arise off ______________ arteries and follow spinal nerves through the IVF
segmental
Spinal branches bifurcate into….
-anterior and posterior segmental medullary arteries
-anterior and posterior radicular arteries
Where do the anterior and posterior segmental medullary arteries feed into?
anterior longitudinal artery
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries can supply only the ____________ part of the spinal cord by themselves
short superior
Blood circulation to much of the spinal cord depends on which arteries?
segmental medullary arteries
Anterior and posterior medullary arteries arise off the spinal branches of major cervical and segmental arteries to merge with the….
longitudinal spinal arteries
Anterior and posterior medullary arteries feed/bring/supply blood to which arteries?
test q
spinal arteries
What is the blood flow pathway for anterior and posterior medullary arteries?
test q
segmental a. > spinal branch > anterior and posterior medullary aa. > spinal aa.
What is the blood flow pathway for anterior and posterior radicular arteries?
test q
segmental a. > spinal branch > anterior and posterior radicular aa.
Anterior and posterior radicular arteries arise off of spinal branches of major cervical and segmental arteries. Where do they supply blood to?
test q
anterior and posterior spinal nerve roots and their coverings
What is the largest anterior segmental medullary artery called?
great anterior segmental medullary artery of Adamkiewicz
Where is the great anterior segmental medullary artery of Adamkiewicz located?
anterior aspect of the lumbosacral cord enlargement (on the left side for 65% of people)
Which artery reinforces circulation to 2/3rd of the spinal cord?
great anterior segmental medullary artery of Adamkiewicz
Where does the great anterior segmental medullary artery of Adamkiewicz typically arise from?
spinal branches of
-inferior posterior intercostal arteries OR
-upper lumbar segmental arteries
The segmental arteries send equatorial and periosteal branches to supply the….
vertebral body
The anterior vertebral canal branches send nutrient arteries to supply….
test q
red marrow of vertebral bodies
Posterior branches of segmental arteries send _____________ and ___________ arteries to supply the vertebral arch structures
periosteal, nutrient
T/F: venous drainage parallels the arterial supply
true
T/F: spinal veins run longitudinally down the length of the spinal cord following the spinal arteries
true
How many spinal veins are there?
-3 anterior spinal veins
-3 posterior spinal veins
What do the veins of the spinal cord form?
venous plexuses
What are spinal veins drained by?
medullary and radicular veins (approx 12 veins)
How many spinal venous plexuses are there? What are they?
4
-2 internal vertebral venous plexuses (anterior and posterior)
-2 external vertebral venous plexuses (anterior aspect of vertebral bodies and posterior aspect of spinous processes)
All 4 spinal venous plexuses communicate with each other through the…
intervertebral foramina
Where do the basivertebral veins form within?
vertebral bodies (mostly posterior)
What do basivertebral veins drain?
vertebral bodies, NOT the spinal cord
Where do basivertebral veins drain into?
either
-anterior internal venous plexus (mostly)
-anterior external venous plexus
Intervertebral veins travel through the IVF with spinal nerves and spinal branches of ____________ arteries
segmental
Where do intervertebral veins receive venous blood from?
spinal cord veins and vertebral venous plexuses, specifically:
-anterior and posterior medullary and radicular veins
-all vertebral venous plexuses
Where do intervertebral veins drain into?
-vertebral veins of the neck
-segmental veins of the trunk
What is the venous pathway of the spine?
spinal veins, venous plexuses, medullary veins, and radicular veins drain into > intervertebral veins> segemental veins > vena cava
