Joints of the Spine (Quiz 3) Flashcards
What are the 6 joints of the vertebral column?
1) vertebral body joints (uncovertebral joints/joints of Luschka)
2) zygopophyseal joints
3) atlanto-occipital joints (craniovertebral joints)
4) atlanto-axial joints
5) costovertebral joints
6) sacro-iliac joints
What are the 2 types of joint classifications?
1) functional classification (based on amount of movement)
2) anatomical classification (based on how the bones are held together)
What are the 3 joints types in the functional classification?
1) synarthrosis (immoveable)
2) amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable)
3) diarthrosis (freely moveable)
What are the 3 joint types in the anatomical classification?
1) fibrous (connects with fibrous CT)
2) cartilaginous (connects with cartilage or fibrocartilage)
3) synovial (enclosed in capsule)
What are the 6 types of synovial joints?
1) pivot
2) ball and socket
3) condyloid
4) saddle
5) hinge
6) plane
What is the anatomy of vertebral body joints (where is it found)?
fibrocartilaginous IVD joins 2 vertebral bodies
What movement can vertebral body joints do?
-anterior and lateral flexion
-extension
-rotation
note: thickness of the discs determines the degree of mobility
What is the anatomical classification for vertebral body joints?
fibrocartilaginous joint aka symphysis joint/secondary cartilaginous
What is the functional classification for vertebral body joints?
amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable)
Uncovertebral joints/joints of Luschka are found on the lateral and posterolateral margins of the IVDs between the uncinate processes of the bodies of….
C3 or C4-C6 or C7 vertebrae
What is the anatomical classification for uncovertebral joints/ joints of Luschka?
synovial like
Which joint is a vertebral arch joint that is formed by the inferior articular process of the vertebra above and the superior articular process of the vertebra below, and is surrounded by a joint capsule?
zygopophyseal joints
T/F: the movement of zygopophyseal joints is determined by the shape and orientation of the articular surfaces and the size of the IVD between the vertebral bodies
true
What is the anatomical classification for zygopophyseal joints?
synovial plane joint
What is the functional classification for the zygopophyseal joints?
diarthrotic (freely moveable), but especially known for gliding movement between articular processes
The nerve supply for the zygopophyseal joints are the ___________ branches of the ___________ rami of spinal nerves
medial, posterior
Which joint is found between the superior articular surfaces of the lateral masses of the atlas and the occipital condyles, and is covered with a thin loose joint capsule?
atlanto-occipital joint
What movement is allowed with the atlanto-occipital joint?
-flexion and extension of the head (nodding head yes)
-main movement is flexion, with little lateral flexion and rotation
What is the anatomical classification for the AO joint?
synovial condyloid joint
What is the functional classification for the AO joint?
diarthrodial (freely moveable)
There are 3 atlanto-axial joints: 2 lateral AA joints between the inferior facets of the lateral masses of C1 and the superior facets of C2. One median AA joint is found between the dens of C2 and the anterior arch of the atlas. What forms the posterior aspect of this joint?
transverse ligament
What movement is allowed with the AA joints?
all 3 joints permit rotation of the head (nodding head no)
Which joint has more movement- AO or AA?
AA moves more than AO joint
What is the anatomical classification for the AA joints?
the 2 lateral AA joints are gliding synovial
the median AA joint is a pivot synovial joint
What is the functional classification for the AA joint?
diarthrodial (freely moveable)
Which joint is this?
-head of rib articulates with 2 adjacent vertebral bodies and the IVD between them
-the costotransverse joint occurs where the tubercle of the rib articulates with the TP of a vertebra
costovertebral joints
What movement is allowed with costovertebral joints?
elevate and depresses (during breathing)
What is the anatomical classification for costovertebral joints?
synovial plane joint
What is the functional classification for costovertebral joints?
diarthrodial (freely moveable)
The sacroiliac joints link the axial skeleton to the inferior appendicular skeleton. It is made up of 2 joints. What are they?
anterior and posterior sacroiliac joints
Where is the anterior sacroiliac joint found?
between auricular surface of sacrum and the ilium
What motion is allowed with the anterior sacroiliac joint?
rotation
What is the anatomical classification for the anterior sacroiliac joint?
synovial
note: the sacroiliac joints are an exception to most synovial joints bc they don’t allow much mobility
What is the functional classification for the anterior sacroiliac joint?
amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable)
note: this is the ONLY synovial joint we covered that is not diarthrotic
Where is the posterior sacroiliac joint found?
between the posterior tuberosities of the sacrum and the medial aspect of the tuberosities of the ilium
What movement is allowed with the posterior sacroiliac joint?
NONE
What is the anatomical classification for the posterior sacroiliac joint?
fibrous (syndesmosis)
What is the functional classification of the posterior sacroiliac joint?
synarthrosis (immoveable)
