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Spinal Anatomy > Quiz 2 HW questions > Flashcards

Quiz 2 HW questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve innervates vertebral zygapophyseal (articular facet) joints?

A

Medial branch of the posterior rami

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2
Q

The ________________ form nerve plexuses

A

ventral rami

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3
Q

From which cord level does the C5 spinal nerve emerge?

A

C5

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4
Q

Between which vertebral segments does the T8 spinal nerve exit the IVF?

A

T8/T9

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5
Q

The _____________________ receives proprioception information from intervertebral disc at each level of the spine.

A

recurrent meningeal nerve

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6
Q

How are spinal cord levels named?

A

A cord level is named for the spinal nerve that forms from that segment

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7
Q

How are spinal nerves named in the cervical region?

A

With the exception of C8 they are named for the vertebrae they exit above

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8
Q

Which spinal nerve ramus forms intercostal nerves?

A

Ventral

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9
Q

All of the following contain sensory neurons EXCEPT:
A) Corticospinal tract
B) Dorsal white column
C) Spinothalamic tract
D) Spinocerebellar tract

A

A) Corticospinal tract

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10
Q

What action does the tectospinal tract cause in response to visual stimuli?

A

Rotation of cervical spine

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11
Q

What sensation would be diminished if the fasciculus gracilis tract were damaged?

A

The ability to precisely locate where touched

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12
Q

Where are visceral (SANS) motor cell bodies located in the spinal cord?

A

lateral horn

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13
Q

Which tract transmits pain and temperature sensation?

A

Spinothalamic tract

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14
Q

Which type of neurons synapse in the ventral horn?

A

Upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons

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15
Q

What tissue surrounds the central canal?

A

Grey commissure

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16
Q

All of the following tracts decussate in the cord EXCEPT:
A) Corticospinal
B) Spinocerebellar
C) Dorsal white column
D) Spinothalamic

A

B) Spinocerebellar

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17
Q

Which structure is formed by the dura and arachnoid mater?

A

Dural sac

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18
Q

Which structure tethers the cord to the coccyx?

A

Filum terminale

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19
Q

Which pair of arteries supplies the spinal cord directly?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

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20
Q

Which segmental artery supplies the vertebrae and cord in the thoracic region?

A

Posterior intercostal artery

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21
Q

The _____________ arteries form the anterior spinal artery.

A

vertebral

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22
Q

Where is the anterior spinal artery located?

A

median fissure

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23
Q

Which structure do the equatorial arteries supply?

A

vertebral body

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24
Q

Which arteries supply blood to the anterior and posterior spinal arteries?

A

Anterior and posterior medullary arteries

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25
Q

The anterior and posterior spinal arteries run the length of the cord form the ___________________ to the ___________________

A

medulla oblongata, conus medullaris

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26
Q

Which vessels drain the vertebral bodies?

A

Basivertebral veins

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27
Q

Which vascular plexuses are located within epidural fat?

A

Internal anterior vertebral venous plexus and Internal posterior vertebral plexus

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28
Q

All of the following structures are found traveling through the IVF EXCEPT:
A) Spinal branches
B) Intervertebral veins
C) Segmental veins
D) Spinal nerves

A

C) Segmental veins

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29
Q

The anterior spinal artery gives rise to the ________ arteries that supply blood to the interior of the cord.

A

sulcal

30
Q

Which vessel is drained by the anterior internal and external vertebral venous plexuses?

A

Basivertebral veins

31
Q

Which vessel is drained by segmental veins?

A

Intervertebral veins

32
Q

Which arteries supply blood to nerve roots?

A

Anterior and posterior radicular arteries

33
Q

Which arteries supply blood to vertebral red marrow?

A

Nutrient a.

34
Q

Which nerve innervates skin over the spinous process?

A

Medial branch of the posterior rami

35
Q

Which nerve emerges from the ventral rami distal to the intervertebral foramen and reenters the intervertebral foramen?

A

Recurrent meningeal nerve

36
Q

The spinal cord is tethered to the coccyx by the….

A

filum terminale

37
Q

The spinal dural sac is formed by the _______ and __________ mater

A

dura, arachnoid

38
Q

What is the name of the structure that wraps around the nerve roots and blends with the epineurium as they exit the IVF?

A

dural root sheath

39
Q

Trabeculae located in the subarachnoid space are formed from….

A

arachnoid mater

40
Q

What is the name of the enlargement of the subarachnoid space at the distal end of the dural sac?

A

lumbar cistern

41
Q

What structure formed by pia mater secures the spinal cord to the dural sac?

A

denticulate ligaments

42
Q

The spinal cord has a ___________ enlargement and a ____________ enlargement

A

cervical, lumbosacral

43
Q

The ventral gray horn is responsible for spinal cord ______________

A

enlargements

44
Q

Where are interneuron cell bodies found?

A

dorsal horn

45
Q

Where are somatic motor neuron cell bodies found?

A

ventral horn

46
Q

Where are sympathetic motor neuron cell bodies found?

A

lateral horn

47
Q

What is the general name for tracts carrying sensory information?

A

Ascending tracts

48
Q

What is the general name for tracts carrying motor information?

A

Descending tracts

49
Q

Which pathway is in charge of discriminative touch and vibration?

A

Fasciculus gracilic

50
Q

Which pathway is in charge of joint proprioception?

A

Fasciculus cuneatus

51
Q

Which tract is in charge of subconscious proprioceptive signals from skeletal muscles and tendons?

A

Spinocerebellar tract

52
Q

Which tract transmits pain and temp signals?

A

Spinothalamic tract

53
Q

Which tract sends voluntary motor signals to skeletal muscle?

A

Corticospinal tract

54
Q

Which two tracts undergo excitation and inhibition of antigravity muscles to control equilibrium?

A

Reticulospinal tract and Vestibulospinal tract

55
Q

What tract mediates head movements in response to visual or auditory stimuli?

A

Tectospinal tract

56
Q

The descending motor pathways consists of a __________ motor neuron and a ___________ motor neuron.

A

upper, lower

57
Q

The ascending sensory pathway involves ____ neurons

A

3

58
Q

The anterior and posterior longitudinal spinal arteries are formed from the ______________ arteries. However, the posterior spinal artery can also arise from the __________________________

A

vertebral, posterior inferior cerebellar artery

59
Q

Longitudinal spinal arteries are dependent on these vessels to directly receive blood at multiple segmental levels?

A

Medullary arteries

60
Q

The spinal arteries run form the _____________ to the _________________

A

medulla oblongata, conus medullaris

61
Q

The anterior spinal artery runs down the length of the spinal cord in the anterior _____________________

A

median fissue

62
Q

Which vessel emerges from the anterior spinal artery to supply the cross-sectional area of the cord?

A

sulcal arteries

63
Q

Which vessels bifurcate off of the spinal branch artery to supply blood to spinal nerve roots?

A

Radicular arteries

64
Q

What is the name of the largest medullary artery located on the anterior aspect of the lumbosacral cord enlargement?

A

great anterior segmental medullary artery of Adamkiewicz

65
Q

Which veins form the venous plexuses?

A

spinal veins

66
Q

What are the three main arteries that supply blood to the vertebrae?

A

1) equatorial a.
2) nutrient a.
3) periosteal a.

67
Q

What type of bone tissue is supplied by nutrient arteries?

A

red marrow

68
Q

Which vessels drain waste from the spinal veins?

A

medullary veins and radicular veins

69
Q

Which vessels are located within the epidural fat?

A

anterior internal vertebral venous plexus and posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

70
Q

Which venous plexuses do the basivertebral vein drain into?

A

anterior internal venous plexus and anterior external venous plexus

71
Q

Where is the basivertebral vein located?

A

vertebral body

72
Q

Which vessels run through the intervertebral foramen?

A

spinal branch artery and intervertebral artery

Spinal Anatomy (12 decks)

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