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GI Anatomy > Vasculature, Lymphatics, Innervation > Flashcards

Vasculature, Lymphatics, Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

What vertebral level is the celiac trunk at?

A

T12/L1

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2
Q

What verebral level is the SMA at?

A

L1

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3
Q

What vertebral level is the IMA at?

A

L3

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4
Q

What comes off the aorta at L1/L2?

A

the renal artery

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5
Q

The aorta bifurcates at what vertebral level?

A

L4 (bi”four”cation)

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6
Q

List the paired arteries come off the aorta, superiorly to inferiorly?

A
  • inferior phrenic (suprarenal)
  • middle suprarenal
  • renal
  • four pairs of lumbar arteries
  • testicular/ovarian
  • median sacral
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7
Q

The aorta bifurcates into what two arteries?

A

the left and right common iliac arteries

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8
Q

What artery sometimes compromises the renal vein?

A

the SMA

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9
Q

The IVC sits on which side of the abdominal aorta?

A

the right

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10
Q

The celiac trunk gives off what branches?

A
  • left gastric
  • common hepatic
  • splenic
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11
Q

Where does the celiac trunk come off the abdominal aorta relative to the pancreas?

A

just above the neck of the pancreas

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12
Q

The left gastric artery gives off what two branches?

A
  • esophageal branch

- left gastric artery supplying the lesser curvature

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13
Q

Which gastric arteries anastomose?

A
  • the right and left gastric arteries

- the right and left gastro-omental arteries

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14
Q

Describe the path of the splenic artery.

A
  • along the superior border of the pancreas

- through the splenorenal ligament to hilum of spleen

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15
Q

What three branches come off the splenic artery before it enters the hilum of the spleen?

A
  • pancreatic branches
  • short gastric arteries
  • left gastro-omental artery
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16
Q

Where does the common hepatic artery bifurcate?

A

at the pylorus

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17
Q

The common hepatic artery bifurcates into what two arteries?

A
  • hepatic proper artery (ascending)

- gastroduodenal artery (descending)

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18
Q

The hepatic artery proper branches off into what?

A
  • right gastric
  • left hepatic
  • right hepatic
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19
Q

The superior mesenteric artery branches to the left to give rise to what?

A

multiple intestinal branches

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20
Q

The superior mesenteric artery branches to the right give rise to what arteries in what order?

A
  • middle colic artery
  • right colic artery
  • ileocolic artery
21
Q

The middle colic artery supplies what?

A

the transverse colon

22
Q

The right colic artery supplies what?

A

the ascending colon

23
Q

Describe the branching of arteries off the inferior mesenteric artery.

A
  • left colic first
  • then 3-4 sigmoid arteries
  • becomes the superior rectal artery
24
Q

After branching into several sigmoid arteries, the inferior mesenteric artery becomes what?

A

the superior rectal artery

25
Q

The transverse colon is supplied by what arteries?

A

the middle colic and left colic

26
Q

The IMA anastomoses with what major artery?

A

the internal iliac

27
Q

The portal vein is formed from what?

A

the splenic vein and SMV

28
Q

The IMV empties into what vessel?

A

the splenic vein (60% of the time) or the SMV (40% of the time)

29
Q

Name the four plexuses that allow anastomosis between the portal vein and systemic veins.

A
  • esophageal plexus
  • paraumbilical plexus
  • rectal plexuses
  • retroperitoneal plexus
30
Q

What is the paraumbilical plexus?

A

an obliterated vessel that can be re-channelized if portal hypertension grows

31
Q

Caput medusa results from portal hypertension and what anastomotic connection?

A

the paraumbilical plexus

32
Q

Portal hypertension causes what sort of hemorrhoids?

A

internal

33
Q

Why does portal hypertension cause internal hemorrhoids rather than external ones?

A

because the internal rectal plexus anastomoses with the portal hepatic vein

34
Q

The external rectal plexus drains into what venous system?

A

the internal iliac vein

35
Q

All abdominal lymphatics drain upward to the ____.

A

cisterna chyli

36
Q

The cisterna chyli drains into what structure?

A

the thoracic duct

37
Q

What are the three lymphatic trunks?

A

intestinal, right lumbar, left lumbar

38
Q

Which organs drain into the left lumbar lymphatic trunk?

A

the hindgut organs and pelvic organs

39
Q

Most GI organ sensory organ is carried through the (parasympathetic/sympathetic) division.

A

sympathetic

40
Q

Which organs might have some sensory information carried via the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

A

pelvic organs

41
Q

Which division of the ANS has long preganglionic nerve fibers?

A

parasympathetic

42
Q

The greater splanchnic nerves synapse in what abdominal ganglion?

A

celiac

43
Q

The lesser splanchnic nerves synapse in what abdominal ganglion?

A

superior mesenteric

44
Q

The least splanchnic nerves synapse in what abdominal ganglion?

A

inferior mesenteric ganglion

45
Q

Lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves pass through what ganglion?

A

superior and inferior hypogastric plexus

46
Q

Visceral innervation of the organs comes from what two parasympathetic nerves?

A
  • vagus nerve

- pelvic splanchnic nerve

47
Q

The pelvic splanchnic nerve supplies parasympathetic visceral innervation to what orgnas?

A

hindgut organs

48
Q

What mix in nerve plexi?

A

parasympathetic preganglionic nerves with sympathetic postganglionic nerves

GI Anatomy (6 decks)

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