vascular system test 3 Flashcards
communication of a blood vessel with another blood vessel by a connecting channel
anastomosis
smaller artery that branches off an artery and connects with a capillary
arteriole
type of blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
artery
narrowing and blockage of the arteries by a buildup of fatty plaque
atherosclerosis
bacteria traveling within the vascular system
bacteremia
smaller blood vessel that branches off an arteriole to supply blood directly to tissue
capillary
reliable pulse palpated from the common carotid artery
carotid pulse
foreign material such as a thrombus traveling in the blood that can block the vessel
embolus/emboli
bruise that results when a blood vessel is injured and a small amount of blood escapes into the surrounding tissue and clots
hematoma
large amounts of blood that escape into the surrounding tissue without clotting when a blood vessel is seriously injured
hemorrhage
substance which consists of cholesterol(mainly), calcium, clotting proteins, and other substances that can be found lining arteries
plaque
network of blood vessels, usually veins
plexus
clot that forms on the inner blood vessel wall
thrombus/thrombi
system that consists of an arterial blood supply, a capillary network, and venous drainage
vascular system
type of blood vessel that travels to the heart, carrying blood
vein
blood filled space between two layers of tissue
venous sinuses
smaller vein that drains the capillaries of the tissue area and then joins larger veins
venule
which have thicker walls and high pressure
artery
which have thinner walls and low pressure, valves
veins
another name for bicuspid valve
mitral valve
oxygenated blood or not: pulmonary arteries
deoxygenated
pulmonary veins, oxygenated or not:
oxygenated
3 branches of the aortic arch
brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian
branches of right brachiocephalic
right common carotid and right subclavian
what travels in the carotid sheath
common carotid
internal jugular vein
vagus nerve cn x
carotid sinus lies before or after bifurcation
before
what artery has no branches until it enters the skull
internal carotid artery
travels medially to internal carotid artery
external carotid artery
what are the four main sets of branches for the external carotid artery
anterior, medial, posterior, terminal
anterior branches of the external carotid artery
superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery
what does the superior thyroid artery supply(4)
infrahyoid, SCM, larynx muscles, thyroid gland
3rd arterial branch of anterior branch of external carotid, runs medial to the mandible then courses oer submandibular gland and antigonial notch
facial artery
what regions does the facial artery supply?(6)
oral, buccal, zygomatic, nasal, infraorbital, orbital
facial artery branches(4)
ascending palatine, submental, labial arteries(superior and inferior), angular artery
second branch off of external carotid after superior thyroid(medial branch)
ascending pharyngeal artery
what artery gives off branch to form stylomastoid artery
posterior auricular artery
what is a terminal branch of the external carotid artery
superficial temporal artery
branches of superficial temporal artery(4)
transverse facial, middle temporal, frontal branch of sta, parietal branch of sta
some anatomists like freaking out poor medical students(for branches of external carotid artery)
superior thyroid artery ascending pharyngeal lingual facial occipital posterior auricular maxillary artery superficial temporal
what are the internal maxillary artery branches in order
middle meningeal inferior alveolar masseteric pterygoid deep temporal buccal posterior superior infraorbital descending palatine sphenopalatine
what are the branches of the inferior alveolar artery
mylohyoid
mental
incisive
branches for the infraorbital artery
middle and anterior superior alveolar
the descending palatine artery supplies and branches
supplies: hard and soft palate
branches: greater and lesser palatine
do head and neck veins have valves?
no
what vein drains the brain and the majority of the head and neck as opposed to external jugular
internal jugular vein
the retromandibular vein is formed from the merger of which 2 veins?
superficial temporal
maxillary vein
one part of the retromandibular vein merges with the ______ and joins into ______
facial; internal jugular
one part of the retromandibular vein merges with the _________ and forms _______
posterior auricular; external jugular
the maxillary vein begins in ______ and collects blood from the _______
infratemporal fossa; pterygoid plexus
maxillary vein has anastomoses with ____ and ___ vein
facial and retromandibular vein
maxillary vein receives drainage from
middle meningeal vein
post sup alveolar vein
inf alveolar vein
nasal and palatine veins
which veins drain maxillary dental infections?
anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar veins
which veins drains mandibular dental infections
mental vein–> inferior alveolar veins
where do all dental infections drain to ultimately
pterygoid plexus which can travel to cavernous sinus
external jugular vein is formed by the merger of what 2 veins
retromandibular and post auricular veins
what vein is visible through the skin as it crosses the SCM
external jugular
what does the anterior jugular vein merge with
external jugular vein
where do both internal and external jugular veins drain into
subclavian vein
brachiocephalic veins on left and right merge into what major vein?
superior vena cava
what is the four infoldings of the dura
cerebral falx
cerebellar tentorium
cerebellar falx
sellar diaphragm
cavernous sinus connects and drains to which veins? (4)
opthalmic
cerebral veins
pterygoid plexus
superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
what structures are on the wall of the cavernous sinus(4)
oculomotor nerve
trochlear nerve
opthalmic nerve of trigeminal
maxillary nerve of trigeminal
what structures are inside the cavernous sinus
internal carotid artery abducens nerve (CN VI)
what organisms are most common for infective endocarditis
staph aureus-most common
strep. viridans-oral bacteria
antibiotics used for prophylactic regimens and dosage
amoxicillin 2g by mouth
clindamycin 600mg by mouth
if significant bleeding occurs when performing a procedure not recommended for prophylaxis, an antibiotic regimen can be given:
within 2 hours
which artery supplies the hard and soft palate, goes through pterygopalatine canal; branches are the greater and lesser palatine
descending palatine(branch of imax)
which artery gives off lateral nasal and septal branches
sphenopalatine artery
which artery terminates into nasopalatine branch through incisive foramen
sphenopalatine artery
true or false: does the facial vein have anastomoses with pterygoid plexus and opthalmic veins?
true; yes
facial veins begin at orbit with merger of what 2 veins?
supraorbital and supratrochlear
facial vein receives drainage from same area as what artery?
facial artery
what other veins drain to facial vein
sup and inf labial vein and lingual veins(directly to facial vein or directly into internal jugular)
