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head and neck anatomy > fasciae > Flashcards

fasciae Flashcards

1
Q

layers of fibrous connective tissue that underlie the skin and surround the muscles, bones, vessels, nerves, organs, and other structures of the body

A

fascia

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2
Q

potential spaces between the layers of fascia in the body

A

fascial spaces

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3
Q

loss of function of the 6th cranial nerve

A

abducens nerve paralysis

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4
Q

infection with suppuration resulting from the entrapment of pathogens in a contained space

A

abscess

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5
Q

bacteria traveling within the vascular system

A

bacteremia

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6
Q

infection of the cavernous sinus

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis

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7
Q

diffuse inflammation of soft tissue spaces

A

cellulitis

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8
Q

foreign material or thrombus traveling in the blood that can block the vessel

A

embolus

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9
Q

passageway in the skin, mucosa, or bone allowing drainage of an abscess at the surface

A

fistula

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10
Q

process by which there is an invasion by and multiplication of pathogens

A

infection

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11
Q

serious infection of the submandibular space, with a risk of spread to the neck and chest– bilateral infection of the submandibular, sublingual, and submental spaces

A

ludwig angina

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12
Q

process in which there is an increase in size and change in the consistency of lymphoid tissue

A

lymphadenopathy

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13
Q

infection of maxillary sinus

A

maxillary sinusitis

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14
Q

inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord

A

meningitis

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15
Q

resident microorganisms that usually do not cause infections

A

normal flora

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16
Q

infection involving the teeth or associated tissue

A

odontogenic infection

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17
Q

normal flora creating an infection because the body’s defenses are compromised

A

opportunistic infection

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18
Q

inflammation of bone marrow

A

osteomyelitis

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19
Q

abnormal sensation from an area such as burning or prickling

A

paresthesia

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20
Q

flora that are not normal body residents that can cause an infection

A

pathogens

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21
Q

abnormal hole in a hollow organ such as in the wall of a sinus

A

perforation

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22
Q

lymph node that drains lymph from a particular region

A

primary node

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23
Q

small, elevated, circumscribed suppuration-containing lesion of either the skin or the oral mucosa

A

pustule

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24
Q

lymph node that drains lymph from a primary node

A

secondary node

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25
opening, such as that which occurs with a fistula
stoma
26
pus containing pathogenic bacteria, white blood cells, tissue fluid, and debris
suppuration
27
clot that forms on the inner blood vessel wall
thrombus
28
other spaces are located in head and neck that are not divided by fascia,,, what are they
temporal space infratemporal space submandibular space
29
superficial fascia contains/ holds
collagen fibers and fat platysma muscle of facial expression subcutaneous nerves
30
abscesses in the superficial fascia will drain
to the surface
31
deep cervical fascia is composed of what kind of fibers
collagen
32
deep cervical fascia surrounds groups of
muscles and nerves/arteries/veins
33
forms natural cleavage spaces(potential spaces)
deep cervical fascia
34
deep cervical fascia consists of
investing fascia alar fascia and carotid sheath pretracheal fascia(visceral fasica) prevertebral fascia
35
what is the most external/superficial layer of deep cervical fascia
investing fascia( also called superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia)
36
splits and surrounds submandibular gland; splits and covers the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
investing fascia
37
investing fascia becomes what in the face
parotidomasseteric fascia-- facial nerve just below or in fascia
38
deep to investing fascia and scm; in the neck only
alar fasicia
39
what does the alar fascia inclose
internal jugular vein, common carotid artery and vagus nerve
40
how does alar fascia connect the region
by traveling posterior to the pretracheal fascia
41
runs deep to and parallel to the carotid sheath
pretracheal fascia
42
the pretracheal fascia surrounds the
esophagus and trachea
43
the pretracheal fascia becomes the ______ in the head
buccopharyngeal fascia in the head
44
deepest layer of the deep cervical fascia
prevertebral fascia
45
encloses the vertebrae, spinal column and associated muscles
prevertebral fascia
46
connect with spaces of the face and jaws and thorax; can be a pathway for infection to reach the chest, mediastinum, heart and lungs; compromise airway with obstruction
cervical spaces
47
what are the cervical spaces
``` lateral pharyngeal space pretracheal space retropharyngeal space danger space #4 prevertebral space ```
48
lateral to pharynx and deep to mandible
lateral pharyngeal space
49
medial wall and anterior boundary of lateral pharyngeal space
buccopharyngeal fascia | pterygomandibular raphe
50
primary space to lead to spread to the neck; gateway space from face to neck
lateral pharyngeal space
51
teeth and tonsils are most common causes; deviated uvula, posterior throat swelling
lateral pharyngeal space
52
anterior to trachea; extends from hyoid bone to superior mediatinum
pretracheal/previsceral space
53
communicates with retropharyngeal space laterally and submandibular sublingual and submental spaces superiorly
pretracheal previsceral space
54
located between the pretracheal and alar fascia
retropharyngeal space
55
posterior to the esophagus; immediately posterior to lateral pharyngeal space in head region
retropharyngeal space
56
everything but lungs in chest
mediastinum
57
superior part of mediastinum
aorta, brachiocephalic veins, trachea, esophagus
58
anterior part of mediastinum
thymus
59
middle part of mediastinum
heart
60
posterior part of mediastinum
esophagus, thoracic duct, vagus nerves, sympathetic trunks
61
runs base of skull to posterior mediastinum(all the way to the diaphragm
danger space 4
62
infections entering danger space 4 can travel quickly to
important structures leading to sepsis and death
63
located between prevertebral fascia and vertebrae
prevertebral space
64
very difficult for h and neck infections to spread here, danger space more likely; infections here are usually from neurological or vertebral origin
prevertebral space
65
cervical fascia and spaces in order
``` esophagus ptf rps af ds4 pvf pvs vertebrae ```
66
communicate with each other and spaces of the cervical region usually defined by muscles and surrounding structures not just fascial layers
facial spaces
67
located between the buccinator muscle and oral mucosa in maxilla and mandible
vestibular space
68
most common site for infection
vestibular space
69
canine space boundaries
canine fossa of maxilla deep | fascia of muscle in this region
70
most commonly from infected maxillary canine or adjacent teeth(lateral incisor or 1st premolar); spreads easily to buccal space
canine space
71
medial boundary is buccinator and buccopharyngeal fascia
buccal space
72
what is lateral boundary of buccal space
masseter
73
infection in this region can occur from maxillary or mandibular teeth
buccal space
74
parotidomasseteric fascia splits to enclose parotid gland
parotid space
75
parotid space contains what?
gland, cnvii, external carotid, retromandibular vein
76
general term to encompass all the spaces involved with mandible and muscles of mastication
masticator spaces
77
almost always associated with odontogenic infection
masticator spaces
78
what does the masticator space include
``` temporal space infratemporal spac pterygomandibular space submasseteric space body of mandible ```
79
temporal space is between
temporal fascia and temporalis
80
superior temporal crest to zygoma
temporal space
81
infratemporal fossa and area adjacent to lateral pterygoid plate and maxillary tuberosity
infratemporal space
82
lateral border of infratemporal space
ramus and temporalis muscle
83
medially and inferiorly the infratemporal space continues into
lateral pharyngeal space
84
part of the infratemporal space
pterygomandibular space
85
bounaries of pterygomandibular space
lateral pterygoid medial pterygoid ramus
86
contains ian
pterygomandibular space
87
landmark for IAN block
pterygomandibular space
88
between the masseter muscle and ramus of mandible
submasseteric space
89
space of body of mandible formed by
periosteum of mandible
90
body of mandible, submental, sublingual, and submandibular spaces all communicate with each other easily and could lead to
ludwigs angina
91
in the midline between symphysis and hyoid bone
submental space
92
floor and roof of submental space
floor-sldcf | roof-mylohyoid muscle
93
lateral boundaries of submental space
anterior bellies of the digastric muscles
94
what is the most common cause of isolated submental infections
mandibular incisors
95
lateral and posterior to submental space
submandibular space
96
medial and superior boundary of submandibular space
medial-mylohyoid | superior-mylohyoid and mandible
97
anterior and lateral border of submandibular space
ant-anterior belly of digastric | lateral- mandible and sldcf
98
what are the causes of submandibular space infections
mandibular molars and premolars
99
located in the floor of the mouth
sublingual space
100
floor of sublingual space
mylohyoid muscle
101
roof of sublingual space
oral mucosa
102
medial and lateral borders of sublingual space
medial- tongue | lateral-mandible
103
what teeth are causes of sublingual space infections
mandibular molars and premolars; may be no external evidence of infection

head and neck anatomy (9 decks)

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