chapter 4 muscles exam 2 part 2 Flashcards
muscles separated in the midline of the tongue by the what
median septum which corresponds with the median lingual sulcus
located entirely inside the tongue
intrinsic tongue muscles
what are the intrinsic tongue muscles
superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
transverse
vertical
what are all the intrinsic muscles of the tongue innervated by?
hypoglossal nerve CN XII
longitudinal muscles do what
run base to apex and works to shorten and thicken the tongue
transverse muscle does what
runs ventral surface to median septum
vertical muscle does what
runs from dorsal to ventral surface
what 2 muscles of the tongue work together to lengthen and narrow the tongue
vertical and transverse intrinsic tongue muscles
extrinsic muscles of tongue all originate outside the tongue and insert
inside the tongue
all the extrinsic tongue muscles all end in
glossus
what are all the extrinsic tongue muscles innervated by
hypoglossal nerve CNVII except palatoglossus which is innervated by the vagus nerve CN X
genioglossus OIA
origin: genial tubercles of mandible
insertion: hyoid bone and tongue
action: protrudes tongue and depresses parts
styloglossus OI
origin: styloid process of temporal bone
insertion: tongue
action of styloglossus
retracts tongue
hyoglossus OI
origin: greater cornu and body of hyoid
insertion: tongue
action of hyoglossus
depresses tongue
palatoglossus forms the what
anterior faucial pillar
palatoglossus OI
origin: median palatine raphe
insertion: lateral surface of tongue
action of palatoglossus
elevates and arches tongue to soft palate, depressing soft palate toward tongue; forming sphincter, separating oral cavity from pharynx
tongue deviates toward
hypoglossal nerve lesion; muscles weak on the side of the lesion, overpowered by normal muscles
muscles of the pharynx are involved with
speaking, swallowing, and middle ear function
the pharynx includes the
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
the stylopharyngeus muscle
elevates and widens pharynx
(muscle of the pharynx) stylopharyngeus innervated by
glossopharyngeal nerve cnIX
pharyngeal constrictors innervated by
pharyngeal plexus from the vagus nerve CN X
action of constrictor muscles
deliver food bolus to esophagus
superior constrictor origin:
pterygoid hamulus, mandible, and pterygomandibular raphe
where do all 3 constrictor muscles insert into
median pharyngeal raphe
what do muscles of the soft palate form
palate posterior to the bony portion
what are the muscles of the soft palate important for
speech and swallowing
innervation of all soft palate muscles except tensor veli palatini
pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve CN X
tensor veli palatini is innervated by
mandibular nerve of trigeminal nerve cnv3
palatoglossus muscle is apart of what 2 muscle groups
muscles of the tongue and soft palate
palatopharyngeus forms what
posterior faucial pillars
palatopharyngeus OI
origin: soft palate
insertion: laryngopharynx and thyroid cartilage
palatopharyngeus action
closes nasopharynx during swallowing
uvula muscle is contained
completely within uvula
what does the uvula muscle do
helps to seal palate
uvula deviates
away from the vagus nerve lesion
uvula:
tongue:
away
towards
levator veli palatini OIA
origin: temporal bone
insertion: median palatine raphe
action: elevates soft palate to help close off oropharynx
tensor veli palatini OIA
origin: auditory tube and sphenoid bone to tendon near pterygoid hamulus
insertion: tendon near pterygoid hamulus to median palatine raphe
action: tenses and slightly lowers soft palate
tissue projection that hangs inferiorly from posterior soft palate in uvula
muscle of the uvula
soft palate closely adapts to posterior pharyngeal wall to help close off nasopharynx
action of muscles of uvula
