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head and neck anatomy > Glands > Flashcards

Glands Flashcards

1
Q

lacrimal glands produce less lacrimal fluid

A

dry eye syndrome(DES)

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2
Q

passageway to carry the secretion from the exocrine gland to the location where it will be used

A

duct

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3
Q

type of gland without a dect, with the secretion being poured directly into vascular system, which then carries the secretion to the region in which it is to be used

A

endocrine gland

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4
Q

type of gland with an associated duct that serves as a passageway for the secretion so that it can be emptied directly into the location where the secretion is to be used

A

exocrine gland

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5
Q

structure that produces a chemical secretion necessary for normal body functioning

A

gland

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6
Q

in the head and neck area, it includes lacrimal, salivary, thyroid, parathyroid, and thyms

A

glandular tissue

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7
Q

enlarged thyroid gland due to a disease process

A

goiter

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8
Q

reduced saliva production by salivary glands

A

hyposalivation

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9
Q

contagious viral infection that usually involves both parotid salivary glandss

A

mumps

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10
Q

formation of stone within a salivary gland

A

salivary stone

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11
Q

dry mouth

A

xerostomia

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12
Q

which system? pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes,thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, adrenal glands

A

endocrine

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13
Q

which system? sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, liver

A

exocrine gland

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14
Q

the two parts of the lacrimal gland

A

orbital, palpebral

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15
Q

secretes tears to lubricate the eyes, ducts drain tears to the eye

A

lacrimal gland

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16
Q

pathway of lacrimal gland

A 
lacrimal puncta (sup and inf)
lacrimal canaliculi
nasolacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct
inferior nasal meatus
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17
Q

location of lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal fossa or frontal bone

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18
Q

innervation of lacrimal gland

A

parasym from greater petrosal nerve which comes from cn7; travels with lacrimal nerve

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19
Q

blood supply for lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal artery

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20
Q

lymphatics for lacrimal gland

A

superficial parotid nodes

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21
Q

what are the major salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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22
Q

minor salivary glands are what?

A

smaller, but more frequent(600-1000) 1mm-5mm

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23
Q

what is saliva composed of?

A

mucous

serous fluid-proteins

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24
Q

humans can produce up to how much saliva a day?

A

2 L

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25
Q

what is the largest gland?

A

parotid

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26
Q

how much saliva does parotid provide?

A

25% of total saliva

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27
Q

made up of purely serous secretion

A

parotid

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28
Q

what are the lobes of parotid

A

superficial and deep lobe

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29
Q

what are the lobes of the parotid divided by?

A

divided by facial nerve

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30
Q

parotid duct also called what

A

stensons duct

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31
Q

emerges in anterior part of gland, travels around masseter to pierce through buccinator

A

parotid duct

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32
Q

lateral to Max 2nd molar

A

parotid duct

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33
Q

location of parotid gland

A

lateral and posterior to the mandible; anterior and inferior from EAC

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34
Q

innervation of parotid

A

parasym from Glossopharyngeal travels with auriculotemporal nerve

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35
Q

blood supply for parotid

A

external carotid artery

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36
Q

lymphatics for parotid

A

deep parotid nodes

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37
Q

2nd largest gland and provides 60-65% of total salivary volume

A

submandibular gland

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38
Q

what does subman secrete

A

mixed secretions- mucous and serous

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39
Q

what is the most common gland to have stone formation?

A

submandibular

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40
Q

submandibular also called

A

whartons duct

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41
Q

emerges from gland and travels around posterior edge of mylohyoid; travels anteriorly in floor of the mouth very close to lingual nerve; empties at papilla(sublingal caruncle) near midline of FOM

A

submandibular duct

42
Q

location of subman

A

submandibular space; inferior to mandible

43
Q

innervation of subman

A

parasym from chorda tympani nerve; travels with lingual nerve

44
Q

blood supply for subman

A

facial and lingual arteries

45
Q

lymphatics for subman

A

submandibular nodes

46
Q

smallest major gland and diffuse in floor of mouth

A

sublingual

47
Q

which gland is nonencapsulated?

A

sublingual

48
Q

sublingual provides how much of total salivary volume

A

10%

49
Q

what kind of secretion does sublingual gland secrete

A

mixed; mucous and serous but mostly mucous

50
Q

sublingual duct also called what

A

bartholin duct

51
Q

empties at papilla(sublingual caruncle) near midline of FOM; other small ducts open along sublingual fold

A

sublingual gland

52
Q

location of sublingual gland

A

sublingual space; floor of mouth

53
Q

innervation of sublingual gland

A

parasympathetics from chorda tympani nerve; travels with lingual nerve

54
Q

blood supply for sublingual

A

sublingual arteries

55
Q

lymphatics for sublingual

A

submandibular nodes

56
Q

minor salivary glands

A 
buccal
labial
lingual
hard and soft palate
floor of mout
57
Q

minor salivary glands secrete

A

mixed secretions; mostly mucous

58
Q

small short ducts; minor glands at base of circumvallate

A

von ebner glands

59
Q

innervation of minor salivary glands

A

cn vii facial

60
Q

mucous retention cyst; obstructed or ruptured salivary gland duct; swelling of minor gland; caused by trauma usually

A

mucocele

61
Q

not a true cyst

A

mucocele

62
Q

treatment for mucocele

A

removal

63
Q

mucocele of floor of mouth; most commonly from sublingual gland

A

ranula(belly of frog); common in kids

64
Q

tx for ranula

A

removal of gland

65
Q

formation of salivary stones; most commonly from the submandibular gland

A

sialolithiasis

66
Q

sialolith means

A

one stone

67
Q

tx of sialolithiasis

A

removal of stone and sometimes gland

68
Q

largest endocrine gland

A

thyroid gland

69
Q

what does thyroid gland secrete

A

t3, thyroxine, calcitonin; has two lobes separated by an isthmus

70
Q

innervation of thyroid gland

A

cervical sym ganglion

71
Q

blood supply of thyroid

A

sup and inf thyroid arteries

72
Q

lymphatics of thyroid

A

superior deep cervical nodes

73
Q

enlargement of thyroid gland; most caused by iodine deficiencies

A

goiter

74
Q

4 small endocrine glands on posterior of thyroid

A

parathyroid glands

75
Q

parathyroid hormones

A

affects calcium and phosphorus( parathyroid hormone)

76
Q

innervation of parathyroid

A

cervical symp ganglion

77
Q

blood supply of parathyroid

A

inferior thyroid arteries

78
Q

lymphatics for parathyroid

A

superior deep cervical nodes

79
Q

specialized gland of the immune system; maturation of T-cells

A

thymus

80
Q

location of thymus

A

thorax behind superior portion of sternum

81
Q

present at birth and grows till puberty; atrophies as a adult

A

thymus

82
Q

most common sites of salivary gland tumors

A

parotid gland
minor salivary gland
submandibular gland
sublingual gland

83
Q

parotid gland tumors make up how much of all cases with how many of those being malignant

A

64-80%; 15-32%

84
Q

minor salivary gland tumors make up how much of all cases and almost_____ of those are malignant

A

9-23%;;;;;50%

85
Q

most common site of minor salivary gland tumor

A

palate
upper lip
buccal
retromolar

86
Q

most common benign tumor of all salivary glands; mixture of ductal and myoepithelial elements

A

pleomorphic adenoma

87
Q

most common between ages ______ with a slightly more common in ____ for pleomorphic adenoma

A

30-50; females(4:3)

88
Q

tx for pleomorphic adenoma; parotid

A

excision without enucleation to prevent seeding

89
Q

2nd most common benign tumor of parotid

A

warthin tumor

90
Q

smokes have an 8x greater risk of developing; ages 55-65; males 5:1

A

warthin tumor

91
Q

usually in tail of parotid; bilateral; slow growing, painless, nodular lesion

A

warthin tumor

92
Q

tx for warthin tumor

A

excision with or without superficial parotidectomy

93
Q

most common malignant tumor making up 10% of all major gland tumors and 15-21% of all minor gland tumors

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

94
Q

around what ages and gender do people get mucoepidermoid carcinoma?

A

20-60; even sex distribution and most common in the parotid

95
Q

usually presents as asymptomatic swelling of parotid or palate but pain and facial nerve palsy do occur

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

96
Q

how much of all tumors are in the parotid

A

3/4 and 3/4 of those are benign

97
Q

the smaller the gland the more likely the tumor is

A

malignant

98
Q

most common benign tumor

A

pleomorphic adenoma

99
Q

most common malignant tumor

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

100
Q

most common bilateral tumor

A

warthin tumor

101
Q

upper lip =

A

tumor

102
Q

lower lip=

A

mucocele

head and neck anatomy (9 decks)

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