Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abd & Superficial Structures 1 > Vascular Structures > Flashcards

Vascular Structures Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac cycle

A

Arteries transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to organs and muscles in the body
Veins return unoxygenated blood from the organs and muscles to the right atrium
Unoxygenated blood travel from the right atrium to the right ventricle where it is forced into the pulmonary arteries
Blood is carried to the lungs and an exchange of gas occurred
The oxygenated blood returns to the heart via pulmonary veins emptying into the left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three layers of arteries and veins

A

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the inner most layer of arteries and veins called and what is is composed of

A 
Tunica intima (interna)
Composed of endothelial lining and elastic tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the middle layer of arteries and veins and what is it composed of

A

Tunica media

Composed of elastic divers and smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the outermost layer of arteries and veins and what is it composed of

A 
Tunica adventitia (externa) 
Composed of elastic and collagen fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the tunica media thicker in arteries or veins

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the difference between arteries and veins

A

Arterial walls are thicker than veins
Arteries maintain shape whereas veins collapse readily
Venous caliber varies with respiration
Veins contain valves that permit flow only in the direction of the heart
Arterial blood flow influenced by heart contractions
Venous blood flow influenced by pressure gradient differences, breathing and skeletal muscle contractions
Veins have a larger total diameter than arteries
Blood flow is slower in venous than in arterial circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anatomy of the aorta

A

Retropertoneal
Enters the abdominal cavity via the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm
Lies anterior to the spine, slightly left of midline
Moves caudally, becomes more anterior and tapers distally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the anterior anatomical relationships of the aorta

A 
Cure of diaphragm 
Celiac axis
Lesser sac
SMA
Left renal artery 
Body of pancreas
IMA
Splenic vein 
Splenic artery
Left lobe of liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the lateral anatomical relationships of the aorta

A

Curran’s of diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the anteroleft anatomical relationship of the aorta

A

GE junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the branches of the aorta

A

Celiac artery
SMA right and left renal arteries
Right and left gonadal arteries
IMA common iliac arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three branches of the celiac axis

A

Left gastric artery
Common hepatic artery
Splenic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the configuration of the celiac axis

A

T or y shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the smallest branch of the celiac axis, how does it travel and is seen on ultrasound

A

Left gastric
Not well seen on ultrasound
Has an anterior and superior course from the celiac axis than it descends along the lesser curve of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the common hepatic artery travel and what are it’s branches

A

Horizontal path to the right
Superior to the pancreatic head
Turns anterior at duodenum entering the liver at ports hepatis
Anterior to the main portal vein
Branches into the GDA and renamed the Heptic artery proper

17
Q

What are the branches of the Hepatic artery

A

Gastroduodenal artery
Right gastric artery
Cystic artery

18
Q

Gastroduodenal artery

A

Courses caudally in a path posteromedial to the duodenum

Landmark for the anterolateral aspect of the pancreatic head

19
Q

Right gastric artery

A

First branch off of the right hepatic artery

20
Q

Cystic artery

A

Arises from the right hepatic artery

Supplies the full bladder, CBD and hepatic ducts

21
Q

Splenic artery

A

Travels left towards spleen
Largest of the 3 branches
Tortuous
Posterior and superior to pancreas
Supplies blood to the pancreas head and stomach
Divides into 5 or more branches at the splenic hilum

22
Q

SMA

A

Second branch off thof aorta
Posterior to pancreatic body
Anterior to the uncinate and third part of the duodenum
Corses inferiorly
Blood supply for the small and large bowel

23
Q

Renal arteries

A

Branch off the aorta slightly inferior to the SMA
RRA runs posterior to the IVC
RRA is longer than LRA
Divides into several branches at the renal hilum

24
Q

Gonadal arteries

A

Not typically visualized on ultrasound
Branch off the anterior aorta
Inferior to renal arteries

25
Q

IMA

A

Last major branch of the aorta
Aries from the anterior aspect of the aorta superior to the bifurcation
Courses inferiorly and to the left
Supplies blood to the transverse, descending and sigmoid colon
Supplies blood to the rectum
Not identified on ultrasound because of small size and bowel gas

26
Q

Common iliac arteries

A

At the level of L4 (umbilicus) aorta bifurcates into the left and right CIA
Courses inferiorly and posterior dividing into the internal and external iliac arteries
Lie anterior and lateral to the common iliac veins

27
Q

IVC

A

Largest vessel that returns blood to the heart
Formed by the unio. Of the common iliac veins just below the level of L5
Retroperitoneal
Right of midline, cranially
Enters the right atrium of the heart
Many tributaries

28
Q

When is the IVC considered dilated

A

When the diameter exceeds 3.7cm

29
Q

Renal veins

A

Enter lateral aspect of IVC
Anterior to renal arteries
Right renal vein is shorter than left
Left courses anterior to the aorta and posterior to the SMA

30
Q

Gonadal veins

A

Right empties directly into the IVC

Left drains into the LRV

31
Q

Lumbar vein

A

Branches of the common iliac veins and/or IVC

Travel lateral to the spine, posterior to the psoas muscle

32
Q

Hepatic veins

A

3 veins
Drain blood from liver
Drain into the IVC just inferior to diaphragm
Increases in size closer to the IVC and diaphragm
No valves

33
Q

Colour Doppler and spectral wave form analysis

A

Colour map superimposed over a 2D image
Potency and flow direction
Angle dependant
Import to understand normal flow direction for each vessel

Abd & Superficial Structures 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions