Liver Flashcards
the liver is what
the largest organ
located in which quadrant and region
RUQ, right hypochondrium, epigastrium, possibly left hypochondrium
bounded superiorly by what
diaphragm
most of the liver lies beneath the
right costal margin
what surfaces of the liver are in contact with the diaphragm
superior
anterior
portions of the posterior
where does the inferior surface have contact with
upper abdominal organs
what indents the posterior surface
right kidney
what major vessel is directly posterior to the liver
IVC
why is noting the position of the liver important
pathology may alter its shape and position
displacement of the liver caudally may be due to
tumors
cirrhosis
subphrenic abscesses
displacement of the liver cranially may be due to
abdominal tumor
ascites
excessive dilation of the colon
does the liver vary in shape and size depending on the body habitus of the patient
yes
generally how much bigger is the right lobe compared to the left
2-3 times
the right lobe extends further
inferiorly
the left lobe will vary in
size and shape
what is often the appearance of the left lobe
wedge shape
flag shape
what is the average weight of a male liver
1400-1600 g
what is the average weight of the female liver
1200-1400 g
the liver is enlarged if the right lobe extends past where
below the lower pole of the right kidney
what is the exception to liver enlargement
reidels lobe
what is the normal length mesurement of the liver
= 15.5cm
where is the length measurement taken
midclavicular line
from diaphragm to inferior edge
what is the normal AP measurement of the liver
8.1cm +/- 1.9cm
where is the AP measurement taken
midpoint of the length measurement
what is the normal ratio of the caudate to right lobe ratio
<0.65
where is the caudate/right lobe ratio taken
subcostal in a true transverse plane
why is a caduate to right lobe ratio used
for liver cirrhosis
what is a reidels lobe
tongue-like extension of the inferior tip of the right lobe of the liver
when is a reidels lobe usually identified
in slim females
what are the two methods of dividing the liver
anatomical
functional
what is the method of dividing the liver that is used in ultrasound
functional
what is the anatomical method based on
external markings
what are the borders of the anatomical method
falciform ligament
“h” configuration
what divides the right and left lobes anteriorly using the anatomical method
falciform ligament
in the anatomical method where does the caudate lobe lie between
IVC
ligamentum venosum
portal vein
in the anatomical method where defines the quadrate lobe
porta hepatis
gallbladder fossa
ligamentum teres
what is the functional method based on
blood supply
bilary drainage
what are the significant landmarks of the functional method
ligaments
fissures
gallbladder
the functional method divides the liver into
3 lobes
4 segments
in the functional method the right lobe is divided into what segments
anterior
posterior
in the functional method the left lobe is divided into what segments
medial
lateral
what is another name for the medial segment in the functional method
quadrate
what are the three lobes the functional method divides into
right
left
caudate
in the functional method the right and left portal veins course how through the segements
within
what is another way of saying coursing within the segments
intrasegmental
in the functional method the right and left hepatic veins course how through the segments and lobes
between
what are the other ways to say course between the lobes and segments
intersegmental
interlobar
the right lobe is seperated from the left lobe by what fissure
main lobar
superiorly which vessel courses through the MLF
middle hepatic vein
the right lobe is divided into anterior and posterior segments by which fissure
right intersegemental
what vessels course within the right intersegmental fissure
right hepatic and portal vein
the anterior right portal vein courses within what portion of the liver
anterior right lobe
the posterior right portal vein courses within what portion of the liver
posterior right lobe
the left lobe is divided into medial and lateral segments by which fissure
left intersegmental
which vessels course with the left intersegmental fissure
left hepatic vein
ascending left portal vein
the medial left lobe is the the segment that was which considered which lobe
quadrate lobe
the medial left portal vein courses within what portion of the liver
medial left lobe
the lateral left portal vein courses within what portion of the liver
lateral left lobe
