vascular distensibility and functions of arterial venous system ( ch 15)

Question 1

Distensible

Answer 1

nature of arteries to allow them to accomodate with different pressures. Veins are 8 times more distensible than arteries

Question 2

Vascular compliance

Answer 2

portion of blood that can be stored in a given portion of circulation for each mmHg pressure rise than to know the distensibilities of the individual vessels

Question 3

Delayed compliance

Answer 3

when blood fills a vessels it takes a second for the vessel walls to “catch up”

Question 4

average systolic pressure

Answer 4

120 mm Hg,

Question 5

average diastolic pressure

Answer 5

80 mm Hg

Question 6

pulse pressure

Answer 6

difference between systolic and diastolic pressures ( ~ 40mm Hg)

Question 7

what affects pulse pressure?

Answer 7

stroke volume, compliance of arterial tree

Question 8

aortic valve stenosis

Answer 8

diameter of aortic valve is reduced. Aortic pressure is reduced significantly

Question 9

ductus arteriosus

Answer 9

1/2 of blood pumped into aorta flows backwards into pulmonary artery/ This allows diastolic pressure to fall.

Question 10

aortic regurgitation

Answer 10

aortic valve is absent or doesnt work. So blood flows back into the left ventricle. Aortic pressure can fall all the way to zero between beats.

Question 11

Transmission of pressure pulse

Answer 11

heart comes out of the left ventricle with a lot of inertia and doesnt really move anywhere. The pressure of the proximal aorta overcomes the inertia to move blood.

Question 12

auscultatory method

Answer 12

involves applying pressure to an artery and listening to the different sounds ( called karotkoff sounds)