microbiology ch14 ( neisseriaceae, veillonella, parvobacteria, capnocytophaga

Question 1

2 pathogenic genera of Neisseriaceae

Answer 1

Neisseria, Moraxella

Question 2

Neisseria include

Answer 2

Ngonorrhoeae-most frequently diagnosed veneral disease in w. europe and usa. It causes PID, sterility in woman and arthritis and sptecemia
N. meningitidis- causes meningococcal meningitis which is highly contagious and kills up to 80%

Question 3

Neisseriaceae are capnophillic which means

Answer 3

require more CO2 for growth

Question 4

N Gonhorrhoeae

Answer 4

genital tract, oral, nasopharyngeal, rectal carriage, gram neg.

Question 5

describe N gonhorrhoeae’s pathogenicity

Answer 5

Pili for adhesion
IgA proteases ( some)
Beta lactamase- beta lactam drugs are ineffective
tracheal cytotoxin- damages ciliated cells of the fallopian tubes causing sterility

Question 6

neisseria meningitidis

Answer 6

nasopharynx, spreads to blood stream and meninges in susceptible people. treated with penicillin or cefotaxime

Question 7

non pathogenic neisseria include…

Answer 7

n. subflava, n. mucosa, n sicca

Question 8

whats the difference between non pathogenic and pathogenic neisseria?

Answer 8

non pathogenic neisseria can develop on agar in absence of CO2

Question 9

Neisseria species in Dental field

Answer 9

Neisseria species are among earliest colonizers of clean tooth surface. They consume oxygen during the early plaque formation and facilitate subsequent growth of facultative and obligate anaerobic late colonizers

Question 10

Moraxella

Answer 10

gram neg., closely related to neisseria species, respiratory tract, cause meningitis, endocarditis, otis media, most produce beta lactamse which can indireclt protect other pathogens

Question 11

veillonella in general

Answer 11

gram negative, is oral samples

Question 12

veillonella parvula

Answer 12

gram neg, in oral cavity and mostly in dental plaque, metabolize lactic acid produced by cariogenic bacteria into weaker acids with reduced ability to solubilize enamel

Question 13

Parvobacteria

Answer 13

Gram neg. , include haemophilus, brucella, bordatella, pasteurella, francisella, gardnerella, eikenella

Question 14

Haemophilus

Answer 14

Requires X and V factors to grow, causes bronchitis, epiglottitis, meningitis, sinusitis, otis media, osteomyelitis, arthritis

Question 15

what is X and V factors?

Answer 15

X- haematin present in blood
V- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD), or NAD-phosphate which is a vitamin produced as a metabolic product of most bacteria

Question 16

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 16

upper respiratory tract, gram neg., virulent strains have capsules, requires V and X factors, causes meningitis, acute epiglottitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis, Treated by ampicillin,

Question 17

Haemophilus influenzae shows satellitism. What is this?

Answer 17

where it grows around other bacteria that are producing V and X factors

Question 18

virulence factors of haemophilus influenzae

Answer 18

polysacharide capsule, IgA protease which slows and causes incoordination of ciliary action of respiratory tract

Question 19

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 19

upper respiratory tract of diseased folks,( not in healthy people),causes whooping cough, treated by erythromycin, antibiotics have little effect but can help reduce spread

Question 20

what medium is used for bordetella pertussis?

Answer 20

gengou medium, blood charcoal agar supplemented with antibiotics for growth

Question 21

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Answer 21

oral cavity, periodontal disease, subgingival sites, gamma haemolytic, grows best aerobically with 5-10% carbon dioxide, Treated with tetracycline

Question 22

what are the virulence factors of a. actinomycetemcomitans?

Answer 22

endotoxin, leukotoxin, collagenase, cytolethal distending toxin, epitheliotoxin, protease cleaving IgG

Question 23

what does leukotoxin do?

Answer 23

it subverts the host immune response in the gingival crevice

Question 24

Eikenella

Answer 24

found in oral cavity and intestine, capnophilic, gram negative

Question 25

capnocytophaga

Answer 25

this genus was created for fusiform species isolated from periodontal pockets, need capnophilic conditions, found in subgingival regions, some produce igA1 proteases