Vascular

Question 1

When not to give compression stockings

Answer 1

ABPI < 0.8 (arterial disease)

Question 2

6 Ps of critical ischaemia

Answer 2

Pulseless
Perishingly cold 
Paraesthesia
Paralysis
Pain
Palor

Question 3

Male smoker with inflammation and occlusion of medium sized arteries

Answer 3

Buerger’s disease

worse prognosis than atherosclerosis - must give up smoking or risk irreversible damage to arterial tree

Question 4

carotid endarterectomy indications

Answer 4

symptomatic + 70-99% stenosis

Question 5

critical limb ischaemia triad

Answer 5

Ischemic rest pain
arterial insufficiency ulcers
gangrene

Question 6

ABPI critical limb ischaemia

Answer 6

<0.3

Question 7

Timings of acute limb ischaemia

Answer 7

0-4 h: white, painful, sensory-motor deficit
4-12 h: mottled rash that blanches - partly salvageable
12+ h: non blanching, fixed, mottling - unsalvageable (urgent amputation/palliation)

Question 8

Abdominal pain after eating

Answer 8

mesenteric angina

Question 9

Classic signs of arterial ulcer

Answer 9

pain at rest
punched out
poor peripheral pulses
deep

Question 10

Classic signs of venous ulcer

Answer 10

gaiter area
preceding skin changes - venous eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, haemosiderin deposits
shallow

Question 11

AAA classification

Answer 11

permanent localised dilatation >50% original diameter

Question 12

true aneurysm

Answer 12

all layers affected

atherosclerosis most common cause

Question 13

trauma + pulsatile mass

Answer 13

false aneurysm

Question 14

when is AAA repair considered

Answer 14

> 5.5cm

Question 15

varicose vein intervention

Answer 15

u/s guided foam sclerotherapy

Question 16

most common distal aneurysm

Answer 16

popliteal

Question 17

aortic dissection types

Answer 17

A - ascending aorta affected

B - starts at origin of subclavian

Question 18

tx of type A dissection

Answer 18

surgical - aortic replacement using cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 19

tx of type B dissection

Answer 19

medical tx of HTN

Question 20

tearing chest pain radiating to back + hemiplegia

Answer 20

aortic dissection

Question 21

secondary venous insufficiency causes

Answer 21

DVT, pregnancy, neoplasm

Question 22

complication of lymphoedema

Answer 22

recurrent cellulitis

Question 23

Recent aortic surgery + brisk GI bleed + malaria + hypotension

Answer 23

aortoenteric fistula
rx - emergency surgery
poor prognosis ):

Question 24

complication of cervical rib

Answer 24

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 25

Turners syndrome + syncope + claudication

Answer 25

coarctation of aorta