Oncology Flashcards
side effect of cyclophosphamide
haemorrhagic cystitis
which class of chemo are MTX and 5-FU
antimetabolites
drug for anticipatory n&v
lorazepam
chemo drug that causes lung fibrosis
bleomycin
side effect of vincristine and cisplatin
peripheral neuropathy
doxorubicin s/e
cardiomyopathy
Preferred pain relief in CKD (3)
alfentanil
fentanyl
buprenorphine
BRC2 association in men
prostate cancer
Management of malignant hypercalcaemia
rehydrate first
IV bisphosphonates eg pamidronate - but this takes up to a week to work
Can give calcitonin in the meantime
Hypercalcemia - avoid which diuretic
thiazide
Presentation of spinal cord compression
Band like sharp pain - worse on coughing/straining
weakness
altered sensation
bowel/bladder dysfunction
Majority in T spine
Ix for spinal cord compression
urgent MRI
Rx spinal cord compression
dexamethasone - holding measure
potentially surgery
(single vertebral area, no widespread mets, radio resistant…)
radiotherapy
SVCO usually due to ? cancer
lung
symptoms of SVCO
distended veins dyspnoea oedema headache *usually worsened by bending forwards or lying down*
Ix SVCO
CXR
CT thorax
Rx SVCO
depends if its caused by clot or extrinsic compression
clot > thrombolyse
extrinsic > stent for rapid relief (but doesn’t treat cause); steroids; chemo
Presentation of pericardial tamponade
SOB, fatigue, palpitations, tachycardic
Pulsus paradoxus
becks triad - muffled heart sounds, rising JVP, falling BP
what is the presentation of cardiac tamponade similar to
constrictive pericarditis
pulsus paradoxus
> 10 mmHg drop in BP on inspiration
neutropenic sepsis definition
neutrophils <0.5 or <1 if had chemo in last 21 days
what can be used for symptom relief in cerebral oedema
mannitol
in what types of cancer does tumour lysis syndrome occur
leukaemia and lymphomas
tumour lysis syndrome
rapid tumour breakdown causing release of chemicals >> AKI high potassium, phosphate and uric acid low calcium
