Vascular Flashcards
Which signs suggest critical limb ischaemia?
rest pain in foot for more than 2 weeks
ulceration
gangrene
Which ABPI value is suggestive of critical limb ischaemia?
< 0.5
Give a cause of vessel calcification.
Diabetes
Which medications should all patients with PAD take?
Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin
What are the 6P’s of acute limb ischaemia?
Parasthesia, Pain, Pale, Pulseless, Paralysis, Perishingly cold
What is typically the cause of acute limb ischaemia?
Thromboembolic eg. AF
What is typically the cause of chronic limb ischaemia?
Atherosclerosis
What is the biggest risk factor for chronic limb ischaemia?
Smoking
Leg pain worst at night, leg hanging off bed suggests…
Chronic Limb Ischaemia
Pain on walking, alleviated by rest - worst uphill suggests…
Intermittent claudication
What is the normal range for ABPI?
0.9 - 1.2
How are venous ulcers treated?
Debridement & decompression
How are arterial ulcers treated?
As per PVD
What is the normal abdominal aorta diameter?
< 3cm
Who is offered screening for AAA?
All men aged 65
What is the initial investigation for AAA?
Abdominal USS
How should a AAA of 3 - 4.4cm be managed?
Yearly scans
How should a AAA of 4.5 - 5.4cm be followed up?
3 monthly scans
Which patients with AAA should be referred for elective repair?
Symptomatic
Diameter growing > 1cm / yr
> 5.5cm
How are AAA managed?
Open repair
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)
What is the first-line investigation for carotid artery stenosis?
USS
What degree of carotid artery stenosis suggests intervention is required?
> 70%
What are the treatment options for carotid artery stenosis?
Endarterectomy
Endovascular
Give possible treatment options for varicose veins.
Foam sclerotherapy, Endothermal ablation, Open Surgery
What is the treatment of choice for superficial thrombophlebitis?
Compression stockings
