Variety of Living Organisms

Question 1

What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 1

• Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, vacuoles. Eukaryotic Cells do.
• Eukaryotic Cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

What are the characteristics of plants

Answer 2

1. They are multi-cellular
2. They get their food from photosynthesis
3. They contain a large, central and permanent vacuole.
4. They store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose.

Question 3

What are the characteristics of animals

Answer 3

1. Multi-cellular
2. Contain a nucleus, but do not have a cell wall, chloroplasts or a large permanent vacuole.
3. They get their food from feeding on organic substances, such as: other organisms.
4. They store carbohydrates as glycogen.

Question 4

What are the characteristics of Fungi

Answer 4

1. Multi-cellular with a mycelium of thread like structures called hyphae.
2. They have a nucleus and cell walls made out of chitin
3. They feed by saprotophic or parasitic
4. May store carbohydrates as glycogen.

Question 5

What are the characteristics of Protoctists.

Answer 5

1. Unicellular
2. They have a nucleus and may have cell walls and chloroplasts, meaning that some protoctists are able to carry out photosynthesis.

Question 6

Features of a bacteria cell

Answer 6

1. Unicellular
2. They have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, plasmids.
3. Some can carry out photosynthesis but mainly feed on dead organisms.

Question 7

What is a pathogen

Answer 7

A pathogen is an organisms that can cause a variety of diseases.

Question 8

Name some pathogens

Answer 8

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Fungi
4. Protoctists.

Question 9

Features of viruses

Answer 9

1. They are smaller than bacteria.
2. They are parasitic, meaning that they reproduce themselves inside a host.
3. They have a protein coat, used to protect the Genetic code that is stored inside it.
4. They are able to infect all living cells.
5. They are not considered to be living cells because they do not carry out living processes, except for reproduction, but that also requires a host.

Question 10

What are the differences between the cell structures of a virus and a bacteria

Answer 10

1. Viruses do not have an flagellum like a bacteria.
2. Bacteria only contains DNA, whereas, viruses may contain DNA or RNA.
3. Viruses have a protein coat, whereas bacteria does not.
4. Viruses are smaller in size compared to bacteria.
5. Not all bacteria are pathogenic, while all viruses are pathogenic.
6. Viruses do not contain plasmids.

Question 11

What are organs

Answer 11

These are made from tissues and perform a specific function

Question 12

What are the differences between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 12

1. Eukaryotic Cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
2. Eukaryotic Cells have membrane-bound organelles, whereas Prokaryotic cells do not.
3. Eukaryotic Cells do not have plasmids but some prokaryotic cells do.