Chemical Coordination

Question 1

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Answer 1

Exocrine glands secrete the hormone through a tube called, “A Duct”.

Endocrine glands secrete the hormone directly into the blood vessels because they are ductless glands.

Question 2

What is the difference between nervous and hormonal control

Answer 2

1. Nervous systems are faster at transferring messages around the body than hormonal systems.
2. Nervous Systems consist of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The hormonal system consists of glands.
3. The nerve impulses in the nervous system travel through nerve cells. Hormones in the hormonal control system travel through the bloodstream.
4. The effect of the nervous system lasts for a shorter period of time, whereas the effect of hormonal control systems lasts for a longer period of time.
5. Nerve impulses act on individual cells, muscles, or tissues. While Hormonal control systems act on specific target organs.

Question 3

What is the role of FSH, LH, and ADH

Answer 3

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone):

• Egg cell development and Oestrogen secretion in females.
• Sperm Production in Males

LH (Luteinizing Hormone):

• Egg cell release in females
• Testosterone Production in males

ADH (Anti-Diuretic Hormone):
- Maintains the water content of the blood.

Question 4

What is the role of Thyroxine

Answer 4

Controls the rate at which metabolic reactions occur inside cells.

Question 5

What is the role of Insulin and Glucagon

Answer 5

Insulin:
- Decreases blood glucose level

Glucagon:
- Increases blood glucose level

Question 6

What is the role of Adrenaline

Answer 6

This gets the body ready for physical activity

Question 7

What is the role of testosterone

Answer 7

This develops male secondary sexual characteristics in males

Question 8

What is the role of Oestrogen and Progesterone

Answer 8

Oestrogen:
- This develops female secondary sexual characteristics.

Progesterone:
- This regulates the menstrual cycle.

Question 9

What is the speciality of the pancreas

Answer 9

The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. Because it secretes enzymes into the digestive tract through a duct, while also releasing insulin and glucagon into blood vessels.

Question 10

What are the effects of adrenaline in the body

Answer 10

1. Breathing rate increases and breaths become deeper to increase the amount of oxygen entering into the body
2. The heart rate increases, which increases the amount of oxygenated blood that travels into the muscles.
3. The blood gets diverted from non-essential organs like the small intestines to the essential organs like muscles.
4. The pupils dilate, increasing visual sensitivity.
5. the body hairs stand up, making the animal look larger to the enemy.
6. Mental Awareness is increased.
7. The carbohydrate stored in the liver, glycogen is converted into glucose, which is sent to the muscles of the body, where it gets used up for respiration.

Question 11

Why is Glycogen a good storage Product

Answer 11

Because Glycogen is Insoluble.

Question 12

How does Insulin decrease the blood glucose level

Answer 12

Insulin is made by special cells in the Pancreas. Insulin stimulates the liver cells to take up more glucose and convert it into glycogen, which reduces the amount of glucose there is in the blood.

Question 13

What are some of the symptoms of Diabetes

Answer 13

1. Glucose in Urine
2. Constant Urination
3. Constant Thirst

Question 14

What is Diabetes

Answer 14

This is when the blood glucose level rises to a very high amount because the Pancreas can make enough insulin to lower blood glucose levels.

Question 15

What are the ways to check for Diabetes

Answer 15

1. Colored test strips

2. Blood Glucose Meter.