variety, balance + moderation Flashcards
define nutrition
the science that studies the interactions between living organisms and food.
involves:
ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism and excretion
define diet
food and drink intake in the body
define foods
products derived from plants and animals.
ingested in the body to yield energy and nutrients for the growth and repair the tissues
name 5 different functions the energy of food can do to the body
to grow
to move
to think
to reproduce
repair cells and tissues
what are the 3 good sources of nutrients
proteins
carbohydrates
vitamins and minerals
what are some examples of proteins
meat, poultry, fish and yogurt
what are some examples of carbohydrates
rice, cereals, potatoes
what are some examples of vitamins and minerals
veg and fruit
the energy-yielding = carbohydrates
4 Kcalories/gram
16.7 Kjoules/gram
the energy-yielding = protein
4Kcalories/gram
16.7Kjoules/gram
the energy-yielding = lipid
9Kcalories/gram
37.6Kjoules/gram
the energy-yielding = alcohol
7Kcalories/gram
29.3Kjoules/gram
1kcal =
4.2 KJ
1KJ =
0.24kcal
what generates 6% more energy than lipid per litre of oxygen uptake…
carbohydrates
what happens to the body when the intense short-duration exercise
1-hour decreases liver glycogen by 55%
what are 3 roles carbohydrates play in the body
energy fuel during intense exercise
metabolic primer/ketosis preventer
central nervous system fuel
how much glycogen can the muscle and liver store?
muscle = 400g 1600kcal
liver = 90-100kg 400kcal
what happens when someone suffers with a carbohydrate-deficient diet
rapidly depletes muscle and liver glycogen and negatively affects performance in short-term anaerobic activity and prolonged intense aerobic activities
what is stores in active muscle that supplies almost all energy in transition from rest to moderate PA
Glycogen
name 3 nutrients that don’t provide energy
water
vitamins
minerals
what percentage of the human body’s weight made up of water?
62%
how many essential nutrients that we need to stay healthy
40
the higher the ratio of g/kcal, the higher….
the nutrient density
