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English > Variation 2 > Flashcards

Variation 2 Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Lexical sets:

A

Large groups of words which share the same (stressed) vowel

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2
Q

Distribution of /r/

A

RP is non-rhotic: only prevocalic /r/
GA is rhotic: /r/ in all positions

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3
Q

Realisation of /l/

A

RP: clear [l] before vowels, dark (velarised) [ɫ] otherwise
GA: dark (velarised) [ɫ] in all positions

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4
Q

Realisation of /t/

A

RP: /t/ is a fortis plosive in all positions
GA: intervocalic /t/ is a voiced tap (e.g. city, waiting)

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5
Q

T-glottalling

A

that causes the phoneme /t/ to be pronounced as the glottal stop [ʔ]
COCKNey

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6
Q

TH-stopping

A

is the use of (t,d) instead of /ð/ θ̼

Irish, AAVE,

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7
Q

L-vocalisation

A

A characteristic feature whereby the “dark” allophone of /l/ becomes a vovel of the (o) or (

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8
Q

H-dropping

A

Absence of initial /h/ e.g. “enry” for henry. Typical Cockney

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9
Q

KIT

A

ɪ = Near-close near-front

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10
Q

DRESS

A

e = Close-mid front

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11
Q

PRICE

A

aɪ Open front starting-point

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12
Q

MOUTH

A

aʊ open front starting point

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13
Q

NURSE

A

ɜː Open-mid central

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14
Q

TRAP

A

æ = Near-open front

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15
Q

LOT

A

ɒ = Open back rounded vowe

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16
Q

FOOT

A

ʊ = Near-close near-back rounded vowe

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17
Q

STRUT

A

ʌ = Open-mid back

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18
Q

FLEECE

A

iː Close front

19
Q

FACE

A

eɪ Close-mid front starting point

20
Q

PALM

A

ɑː Open front

21
Q

THOUGHT

A

ɔː Open-mid backrounded

22
Q

GOAT

A

əʊ mid central starting-point

23
Q

GOOSE

A

uː Close back rounded

24
Q

CHOICE

A

ɔɪ open mid-back rounded starting point

25
Q

Mouth

A

aʊ mid central starting-point

26
Q

NEAR

A

ɪə Close front starting point

27
Q

SQUARE

A

ɛə open mid front starting point

28
Q

START

A

ɑː Open back unrounded vowel

29
Q

NORTH

A

ɔː (long= Open-mid back rounded vowel

30
Q

FORCE

A

ɔː (long) Open-mid back rounded vowel

31
Q

CURE

A

ʊə close-mid back rounded starting point

32
Q

Glottal

A

a sound produced in the larynx, due to the closure or narrowing og the glottis, as in the initial consonant (H) of happy and in the glottal stop (?), which is stereotypically connected with London Cockney but actually found in varius accents around the englishspeaking world

33
Q

Retroflex

A

A position slightly further back then alveolar, with the tip of the tounge bear or curled backwards, as generally in R`s produced by Americans and speakers from England west country

34
Q

Tapped

A

Referes to consonants that are related to trills: the difference is that the movement is momenetary: there is only on beat (tap) which is usually produced by the tip of the tounge. A tapped /r/ which is represented as [r] and sound almost like a [d] is common in some accents of British English, especially between vowels, as in very, hurry. This sound is characteristic of most varieties of American English but as a realization of intervocalic /t/ as un city and latter.

35
Q

Trilled

A

(rolled) refers to certain types of /r/ and stands for the rapid, repeated tapping in which the tip of the tongue is used. it is something of a stereotype that front trills in which the tip of the tounge is used - are characteristic of Scottish English

36
Q

Uvular

A

The back of the tongue against the uvula. unlike many European languages, English does not generally have uvular “back” /r/, but there is a highly recessive pocket in North-east England. where it may possibly be heard under the name of “northumbriar burr” and some scottish speakers use it virably.

37
Q

Wide

A

a term used about diphthongs that a characterized by by a relatively long distance from the starting point to the finishing-point. some Broad Australian Diphthongs for example, are Typically wider then their correspondence in reference accent RP as in (saI) rather then (sei) for say

38
Q

Allophone

A

one of two or more alternative realisations of a phoneme (clear and dark L in RP)

39
Q

Aspirated

A

Refers to stops, whose release by a short period in which the vocal cords are not vibrating

40
Q

cluster

A

A sequence of adjacent consonants

41
Q

Fricative

A

Speech-Sound articulated in such a way that the air-flow is led through a narrow passage where the air gives rise to audible Friction

42
Q

stress-timed

A

Languages assigns roughly equal time from one stress to the next, irrespective of number of syllables involved

43
Q

Syllable-timed

A

These languages assign roughly equal time to each syllable

44
Q

Variety

A

Speech communities which have distinctly different patterns of pronunciation and lexis but broadly used similar syntax are said in English studies to speak varieties of the same dialect.

English (14 decks)

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