Variable + Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is the aim?
An aim is a general statement made by the researcher which tells us what they plan on investigating, the purpose of the study
What is the hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a precise statement which clear states the relationship between the variables being investigated
What are the two main types of hypotheses, and what are their alternate names?
Directional hypothesis (one tailed) and Nondirectional hypothesis (two tailed)
What is another type of hypothesis?
Another type of hypothesis is a null hypothesis
What is a null hypothesis?
A null hypothesis states that the study will not work, that there will be no correlation or difference found in the data
What is a directional hypothesis?
A directional hypothesis is a precise statement which states the sort of difference that is expected between the two conditions or groups of people etc
What is a nondirectional hypothesis?
A nondirectional hypothesis is a statement that states there is a difference between conditions or groups of people, however the nature of the difference is not specified
When data collected is significant what type of hypothesis is used?
When data collected is insignificant what type of hypothesis is used?
Data significant = experimental alternative hypothesis (directional/non directional hypothesis)
Data insignificant = null hypothesis
What are the two types of variables?
There is a independent variable and dependent variable
What is an independent variable?
A variable within the experiment that is manipulated by the researcher or (changes naturally) so the effect on the DV can be measured
What is a dependent variable?
The variable which is measured by the researcher
Identify the IVs and DVs in the examples below:
- Talking to a child will increase their language ability
- People are more aggressive on hot days
- Students may be late for school because they stayed up late the night before
- Watching horror films will make children have nightmares
- People will be rated as more attractive if they wear red
IV1. The amount of times the child is spoken to
IV2. Daily temperature (hot or cold)
IV3. Time child goes to bed (early or late)
IV4. Types of films watched
IV5. Wearing red or another colour
DV1. The language ability
DV2. Level of aggression
DV3. Punctuality at school
DV4. Frequency of nightmares
DV5. Attractiveness
What is operationalisation?
Clearly defining the variables in terms of how they can be measured
Operationalise the IV and DV within this hypothesis:
1. To investigate whether blondes have more fun
IV: getting people with blonde hair and other colours
DV: counting how many parties/social events they attend in a month
